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Xylyl bromide is an irritant and lachrymatory agent.It has been incorporated in chemical weapons since the early months of World War I.Some commentators say the first use was in August 1914, when the French attacked German soldiers with tear gas grenades, [2] [3] but the agent used in that incident was more likely to be ethyl bromoacetate, which the French had tested before the war.
Xylyl bromide, CN and CS are the oldest of these agents. CS is the most widely used. CN has the most recorded toxicity. [3] Typical manufacturer warnings on tear gas cartridges state "Danger: Do not fire directly at person(s). Severe injury or death may result." [27] Tear gas guns do not have a manual setting to adjust the range of fire. The ...
T-Stoff (World War I): xylyl bromide tear gas [2] T-Stoff (World War II): 80% concentrated hydrogen peroxide / small amounts of 8-Hydroxyquinoline / 20% water used as hypergolic oxidizer with C-Stoff for the HWK 109-509 A through C rocket engines, or as monopropellant or power source with Z-Stoff for the HWK 109-500 Starthilfe RATO and HWK 109 ...
A chemical weapon agent (CWA), or chemical warfare agent, is a chemical substance whose toxic properties are meant to kill, injure or incapacitate human beings.About 70 different chemicals have been used or stockpiled as chemical weapon agents during the 20th century, although the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) has an online database listing 35,942 chemicals which ...
It says tear gas is something of a misnomer, because the agents tend not to be gaseous and modern compounds can affect a wider variety of organs as well as the eyes, lungs and digestive tract that ...
The first instance of large-scale use of gas as a weapon was on 31 January 1915, when Germany fired 18,000 artillery shells containing liquid xylyl bromide tear gas on Russian positions on the Rawka River, west of Warsaw during the Battle of Bolimov. Instead of vaporizing, the chemical froze and failed to have the desired effect. [9]
Safariland, the defense contractor who produced the tear gas used last week on protesters in Washington, D.C., announced Tuesday it was selling off its the crowd-control weapons division.
Plumes of tear gas became a common sight last month as police tried to control largely peaceful demonstrations swelling across the country after the killing of George Floyd while in police custody ...