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Advanced Placement (AP) Comparative Government and Politics (also known as AP CoGo or AP CompGov) is an Advanced Placement comparative politics course and exam offered by the College Board. It was first administered in 1987.
The material in the course is composed of multiple subjects from the Constitutional roots of the United States to recent developments in civil rights and liberties. The AP United States Government examination covers roughly six subjects listed below in approximate percentage composition of the examination. [2]
By some definitions, Comparative Politics can be traced back to Greek philosophy, as Plato's Republic and Aristotle's The Politics. As a modern sub-discipline, Comparative Politics is constituted by research across a range of substantive areas, including the study United States Wealth Compared to other regions of the world.
A democracy is widely considered consolidated when several or all of the following conditions are met. Firstly, there must be a durability or permanence of democracy over time, including (but by no means limited to) adherence to democratic principles such as rule of law, independent judiciary, competitive and fair elections, and a developed civil society. [5]
A form of government where the monarch is elected, a modern example being the King of Cambodia, who is chosen by the Royal Council of the Throne; Vatican City is also often considered a modern elective monarchy. Self-proclaimed monarchy: A form of government where the monarch claims a monarch title without a nexus to the previous monarch dynasty.
In political science and sociology, a cleavage is a historically determined social or cultural line which divides citizens within a society into groups with differing political interests, resulting in political conflict among these groups. [1] Social or cultural cleavages thus become political cleavages once they get politicized as such. [2]
This research brought in findings from comparative federalism and depicted the European Union as a unique (quasi-federal) system characterized by a distinctive interconnection among multiple levels of governance. [8] "EU is an outlier in comparative federalism: a federation-in-the-making with confederal characteristics".
Largely as a result of these characteristics, modernity is vastly more dynamic than any previous type of social order. It is a society—more technically, a complex of institutions—which, unlike any preceding culture, lives in the future, rather than the past. [41] Other writers have criticized such definitions as just being a listing of factors.