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Molecular clock analyses indicated that Dactyloradula diverged from other Radula species during the Mesozoic era, positioning it as an ancient genus-level lineage. The estimated age of divergence placed it as old as many flowering plant families, unusual for what was previously considered just one species within a larger genus.
The radula (US: / ˈ r æ dʒ ʊ l ə /; pl.: radulae or radulas) [1] is an anatomical structure used by mollusks for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. [2] It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters the esophagus .
Radula acuta Mitt. Radula acutangula Steph. Radula acutiloba Steph. Radula aguirrei R.M.Schust. ex M.A.M.Renner Radula allisonii Castle Radula amentulosa Mitt. Radula amoena Herzog Radula anceps Sande Lac. Radula aneurysmalis (Hook.f. & Taylor) Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees Radula angulata Steph. Radula anisotoma M.A.M.Renner Radula appressa Mitt.
The most common compounds found in Radula species are 3,5-dihydroxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)bibenzyl and 2-geranyl-3,5-dihydroxybibenzyl, which often form the basic structure for more complex molecules in these plants. [17] Of particular interest is the presence of compounds similar to those found in cannabis (cannabinoids) in some Radula species
Radula marginata, or Wairuakohu, is a species of plant in the genus Radula, [1] a genus of liverworts. It is endemic to New Zealand . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It has been found to contain cannabinoids .
In 2018, a study showed that perrottetinene is mild to moderately psychoactive through activation of the cannabinoid receptor 1.(-)-cis-Perrottetinene was found to have a binding affinity of 481 nM at CB1 and 225 nM at CB2, while the unnatural (-)-trans-perrottetinene was found to more active with binding affinities of 127 nM at CB1 and 126 nM at CB2, both acting as partial agonists.
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Radula visianica is a small, green to yellowish-green plant that grows in patches. Individual shoots are typically 0.3–1.5 mm (0.012–0.059 in) wide and can reach up to 20 mm (0.79 in) in length.