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  2. Steiner tree problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steiner_tree_problem

    Steiner trees have been extensively studied in the context of weighted graphs. The prototype is, arguably, the Steiner tree problem in graphs. Let G = (V, E) be an undirected graph with non-negative edge weights c and let S ⊆ V be a subset of vertices, called terminals. A Steiner tree is a tree in G that spans S.

  3. List of NP-complete problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_NP-complete_problems

    Minimum k-spanning tree; Minor testing (checking whether an input graph contains an input graph as a minor); the same holds with topological minors; Steiner tree, or Minimum spanning tree for a subset of the vertices of a graph. [2] (The minimum spanning tree for an entire graph is solvable in polynomial time.)

  4. Routing (electronic design automation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routing_(electronic_design...

    The simplest routing problem, called the Steiner tree problem, of finding the shortest route for one net in one layer with no obstacles and no design rules is known to be NP-complete, both in the case where all angles are allowed or if routing is restricted to only horizontal and vertical wires. [1]

  5. Rectilinear Steiner tree - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectilinear_Steiner_tree

    The single-trunk Steiner tree is a tree that consists of a single horizontal segment and some vertical segments. A minimum single-trunk Steiner tree (MSTST) may be found in O ( n log n ) time. However simply finding all its edges requires linear time .

  6. NP-completeness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NP-completeness

    In this name, "nondeterministic" refers to nondeterministic Turing machines, a way of mathematically formalizing the idea of a brute-force search algorithm. Polynomial time refers to an amount of time that is considered "quick" for a deterministic algorithm to check a single solution, or for a nondeterministic Turing machine to perform the ...

  7. Stuffing box - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuffing_box

    In a common type of stuffing box, rings of braided fiber, known as shaft packing or gland packing, form a seal between the shaft and the stuffing box. A traditional variety of shaft packing comprises a square cross-section rope made of flax or hemp impregnated with wax and lubricants. A turn of the adjusting nut compresses the shaft packing.

  8. Vertex cover - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertex_cover

    Examples of vertex covers Examples of minimum vertex covers. Formally, a vertex cover ′ of an undirected graph = (,) is a subset of such that () (′ ′), that is to say it is a set of vertices ′ where every edge has at least one endpoint in the vertex cover ′.

  9. PackML - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packml

    PackML (Packaging Machine Language) is an industry technical standard for the control of packaging machines, as an aspect of industrial automation.. PackML was created by the Organization for Machine Automation and Control (OMAC) in conjunction with the International Society of Automation (ISA).