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In probability theory and statistics, the Poisson distribution (/ ˈ p w ɑː s ɒ n /; French pronunciation:) is a discrete probability distribution that expresses the probability of a given number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time if these events occur with a known constant mean rate and independently of the time since the last event. [1]
A particular example of this is the binomial test, involving the binomial distribution, as in checking whether a coin is fair. Where extreme accuracy is not necessary, computer calculations for some ranges of parameters may still rely on using continuity corrections to improve accuracy while retaining simplicity.
The product of independent random variables X and Y may belong to the same family of distribution as X and Y: Bernoulli distribution and log-normal distribution. Example: If X 1 and X 2 are independent log-normal random variables with parameters (μ 1, σ 2 1) and (μ 2, σ 2 2) respectively, then X 1 X 2 is a log-normal random variable with ...
Benford's law, which describes the frequency of the first digit of many naturally occurring data. The ideal and robust soliton distributions. Zipf's law or the Zipf distribution. A discrete power-law distribution, the most famous example of which is the description of the frequency of words in the English language.
For an approximately normal data set, the values within one standard deviation of the mean account for about 68% of the set; while within two standard deviations account for about 95%; and within three standard deviations account for about 99.7%. Shown percentages are rounded theoretical probabilities intended only to approximate the empirical ...
Normal probability plots are made of raw data, residuals from model fits, and estimated parameters. A normal probability plot. In a normal probability plot (also called a "normal plot"), the sorted data are plotted vs. values selected to make the resulting image look close to a straight line if the data are approximately normally distributed.
In probability theory, the law of rare events or Poisson limit theorem states that the Poisson distribution may be used as an approximation to the binomial distribution, under certain conditions. [1] The theorem was named after Siméon Denis Poisson (1781–1840). A generalization of this theorem is Le Cam's theorem
In statistics, Poisson regression is a generalized linear model form of regression analysis used to model count data and contingency tables. [1] Poisson regression assumes the response variable Y has a Poisson distribution , and assumes the logarithm of its expected value can be modeled by a linear combination of unknown parameters .