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Oparin and Haldane suggested that the atmosphere of the early Earth may have been chemically reducing in nature, composed primarily of methane (CH 4), ammonia (NH 3), water (H 2 O), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), carbon dioxide (CO 2) or carbon monoxide (CO), and phosphate (PO 4 3−), with molecular oxygen (O 2) and ozone (O 3) either rare or absent.
The history of life on Earth traces the processes by which living and extinct organisms evolved, from the earliest emergence of life to the present day. Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago (abbreviated as Ga, for gigaannum) and evidence suggests that life emerged prior to 3.7 Ga. [1] [2] [3] The similarities among all known present-day species indicate that they have diverged through the ...
The experiment used methane (CH 4), ammonia (NH 3), hydrogen (H 2), in ratio 2:2:1, and water (H 2 O). Applying an electric arc (simulating lightning) resulted in the production of amino acids. It is regarded as a groundbreaking experiment, and the classic experiment investigating the origin of life (abiogenesis).
An integrated outline is a helpful step in the process of organizing and writing a scholarly paper (literature review, research paper, thesis or dissertation). When completed the integrated outline contains the relevant scholarly sources (author's last name, publication year, page number if quote) for each section in the outline.
Urban ecology – study of the relationships between living organisms with each other and their urban environment. Biogeography – study of the distribution of species spatially and temporally. Evolutionary biology – study of the origin and descent of species over time.
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This will create an indented and italicized cross-reference like the following: For a topical guide, see Outline of the Cayman Islands . The template should automatically detect the correct title of the outline article, as long as it has been named in one of the more common patterns for such articles (check the link to be sure it worked).
History of science – study of the emergence and development of scientific inquiry; Economic history – the study of economics in the past; Environmental history – study of natural history and the human relationship with the natural world; Futurology – study of the future: researches the medium to long-term future of societies and of the ...