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Hatha yoga (/ ˈ h ʌ t ə, ˈ h ɑː t ə /; IAST: Haṭha-yoga) [2] is a branch of yoga that uses physical techniques to try to preserve and channel vital force or energy. The Sanskrit word हठ haṭha literally means "force", alluding to a system of physical techniques.
The Hatha Yoga Pradipika is the hatha yoga text that has historically been studied within yoga teacher training programmes, alongside texts on classical yoga such as Patanjali's Yoga Sutras. [7] In the twenty-first century, research on the history of yoga has led to a more developed understanding of hatha yoga's origins. [8]
A number of yoga texts, such as the Hatha Yoga Pradipika, the Yoga Kundalini and the Yoga Tattva Upanishads, have borrowed from (or frequently refer to) the Yoga Yajnavalkya. [196] It discusses eight yoga asanas (Swastika, Gomukha, Padma, Vira, Simha, Bhadra, Mukta and Mayura), [197] a number of breathing exercises for body cleansing, [198] and ...
The three physical practices of Hatha yoga (mahāmudrā, mahābandha, and mahāvedha) described in the two texts are similar, as are the four stages of yoga, but the Vajrayāna terminology of the Amṛtasiddhi has mostly been removed in favour of Shaivite metaphysics, and probably for the first time Hatha yoga is framed within Rāja yoga. [25]
The historical use of the term Rāja yoga is found in other contexts, quite different from its modern usage. In ancient and medieval Sanskrit texts, it meant the highest state of yoga practice (one reaching samādhi). [2] The Hatha Yoga Pradipika, for example, states that Hatha yoga is one of the ways to achieve Rāja yoga.
Sivananda Yoga practices the asanas, hatha yoga, as part of raja yoga, with the goal of enabling practitioners ""to sit in meditation for a long time". [138] There is little emphasis on the detail of individual poses; teachers rely on the basic instructions given in the books by Sivananda and Swami Vishnu-devananda. [138]
History [ edit ] The yogis were primarily associated with the Yogic-traditions promoted by the great Nath saints, e.g. Matsyendranath , Gorakshanath , Chauranginath etc. Hatha yoga is considered as the prominent part of those traditions promoted by these great Nath masters.
A manuscript page from the Yogabija. The Yogabīja describes a fourfold system for attaining liberation (), spanning Mantra Yoga, Laya Yoga, Haṭha Yoga, and Rāja Yoga.It specifically denies that liberation is possible simply by knowledge or jñāna; instead, it argues that the yogin needs both knowledge and yoga, and that liberation results in the yogin becoming an immortal jivanmukti ...