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All shoes have a sole, which is the bottom of a shoe, in contact with the ground. Soles can be made from a variety of materials, although most modern shoes have soles made from natural rubber, polyurethane, or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) compounds. [54] Soles can be simple—a single material in a single layer—or they can be complex, with ...
In medieval Europe, leather shoes and boots became more common. At first most were simply pieces of leather sewn together and then held tight around the foot with a toggle or drawstring. This developed into the turnshoe, where the sole and upper were sewn together and then turned inside-out to hide and protect the seam and improve water resistance.
Crocs, clog like shoes from a synthetic, rubbery, waterproof material, created in the United States in 2002; Clog can be formed as a heavy sandal, having a thick, typically wooden sole; Crochet sandals [12] Fisherman sandal is a type of T-bar sandal originally for men and boys. The toes are enclosed by a number of leather bands interwoven with ...
Pattens were worn outdoors over a normal shoe, had a wooden or later wood and metal sole, and were held in place by leather or cloth bands. Pattens functioned to elevate the foot above the mud and dirt (including human effluent and animal dung) of the street, in a period when road and urban paving was minimal. Women continued to wear pattens in ...
The sole and the longitudinal arches of the foot are supported by a thick connective tissue, the plantar fascia. The central component of this tissue extends to the supporting bones and gives two divisions–the medial component and lateral component ; thus they define the boundaries of the three muscle compartments of the sole (see below).
A plimsoll, also spelled plimsole, [1] or pump [2] (also known as a gym shoe [2] [1] or a sandshoe [1]), is a light sports shoe with a canvas upper and flat rubber sole. The shoe originated in the United Kingdom, [ citation needed ] there called a "sand shoe", acquiring the nickname "plimsoll" in the 1870s.
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Sole (fish), one of several species and groups of flatfishes: Soleidae, the family of the "true soles" Solea solea, the common or Dover sole, used in European cooking; American sole, the family Achiridae; Tonguefish, or tongue sole, in the family Cynoglossidae; Several species of righteye flounder in the family Pleuronectidae: Lemon sole