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The pyrophosphate bond is also sometimes referred to as a phosphoanhydride bond, a naming convention which emphasizes the loss of water that occurs when two phosphates form a new P−O−P bond, and which mirrors the nomenclature for anhydrides of carboxylic acids.
The plant enzymes probably pump one H + upon hydrolysis of pyrophosphate, thereby generating a proton motive force, positive and acidic in the tonoplast lumen. They establish a pmf of similar magnitude to that generated by the H +-translocating ATPases in the same vacuolar membrane. The bacterial and archaeal proteins may catalyze fully ...
The last one is pyrophosphate [P 2 O 7] 4−. The pyrophosphates are mostly water-soluble. The pyrophosphates are mostly water-soluble. Likewise, tripolyphosphoric acid H 5 P 3 O 10 yields at least five anions [H 5− k P 3 O 10 ] k − , where k ranges from 1 to 5, including tripolyphosphate [P 3 O 10 ] 5− .
Inorganic pyrophosphatase (or inorganic diphosphatase, PPase) is an enzyme (EC 3.6.1.1) that catalyzes the conversion of one ion of pyrophosphate to two phosphate ions. [1] This is a highly exergonic reaction, and therefore can be coupled to unfavorable biochemical transformations in order to drive these transformations to completion. [2]
Diphosphate—fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase also known as PFP is an enzyme of carbohydrate metabolism in plants and some bacteria.The enzyme (EC 2.7.1.90) catalyses the reversible interconversion of fructose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate using inorganic pyrophosphate as the phosphoryl donor:
Inorganic phosphate can also be present as pyrophosphate anions [P 2 O 7] 4−, which give orthophosphate by hydrolysis: [P 2 O 7] 4− + H 2 O ⇌ 2 [HPO 4] 2−. Organic phosphates are commonly found in the form of esters as nucleotides (e.g. AMP, ADP, and ATP) and in DNA and RNA.
Nutrients in the soil are taken up by the plant through its roots, and in particular its root hairs.To be taken up by a plant, a nutrient element must be located near the root surface; however, the supply of nutrients in contact with the root is rapidly depleted within a distance of ca. 2 mm. [14] There are three basic mechanisms whereby nutrient ions dissolved in the soil solution are brought ...
The same reaction can also be catalyzed by pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase (PFP or PPi-PFK), which is found in most plants, some bacteria, archea, and protists, but not in animals. This enzyme uses pyrophosphate (PPi) as a phosphate donor instead of ATP. It is a reversible reaction, increasing the flexibility of glycolytic ...