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Hashing is a common technique used in cryptography to encode information quickly using typical algorithms. Generally, an algorithm is applied to a string of text, and the resulting string becomes the "hash value". This creates a "digital fingerprint" of the message, as the specific hash value is used to identify a specific message.
1989 – Quantum cryptography experimentally demonstrated in a proof-of-the-principle experiment by Charles Bennett et al. 1991 – Phil Zimmermann releases the public key encryption program PGP along with its source code, which quickly appears on the Internet. 1994 – Bruce Schneier's Applied Cryptography is published.
Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, wrote a standard book on cryptography; Ibn Wahshiyya: published several cipher alphabets that were used to encrypt magic formulas. [1] John Dee, wrote an occult book, which in fact was a cover for crypted text
Cryptography, or cryptology (from Ancient Greek: κρυπτός, romanized: kryptós "hidden, secret"; and γράφειν graphein, "to write", or -λογία-logia, "study", respectively [1]), is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of adversarial behavior. [2]
The Code Book: The Science of Secrecy from Ancient Egypt to Quantum Cryptography is a book by Simon Singh, published in 1999 by Fourth Estate and Doubleday. The Code Book describes some illustrative highlights in the history of cryptography , drawn from both of its principal branches, codes and ciphers .
C. Capstone (cryptography) Card catalog (cryptology) Michel de Castelnau; CAVNET; Central Bureau; Operation CHAOS; Choctaw code talkers; Cipher Bureau (Poland)
Analog of the Japanese Type B Cipher Machine (codenamed Purple) built by the U.S. Army Signal Intelligence Service Purple analog in use. In the history of cryptography, the "System 97 Typewriter for European Characters" (九七式欧文印字機 kyūnana-shiki ōbun injiki) or "Type B Cipher Machine", codenamed Purple by the United States, was an encryption machine used by the Japanese Foreign ...
Horst Feistel. Block Cipher Cryptographic System, US Patent 3,798,359. Filed June 30, 1971. (IBM) Henry Beker and Fred Piper (1982). Cipher Systems: The Protection of Communications.