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The difference () = () between the phases of two periodic signals and is called the phase difference or phase shift of relative to . [1] At values of t {\displaystyle t} when the difference is zero, the two signals are said to be in phase; otherwise, they are out of phase with each other.
The coherence of two waves expresses how well correlated the waves are as quantified by the cross-correlation function. [7] [1] [8] [9] [10] Cross-correlation quantifies the ability to predict the phase of the second wave by knowing the phase of the first. As an example, consider two waves perfectly correlated for all times (by using a ...
Bonta defined quantum fiction as stories in which consciousness affects physics and determines reality; in her words, "the genre is broad and includes life." [10] Bonta further explained her development of this new genre: "I don't write science fiction. Science fiction is a niche genre, defined by Ray Bradbury as depiction of the real. 'Quantum ...
In physics, interference is a phenomenon in which two coherent waves are combined by adding their intensities or displacements with due consideration for their phase difference. The resultant wave may have greater intensity (constructive interference) or lower amplitude (destructive interference) if the two waves are in phase or out of phase ...
The supercurrent I s through a Josephson junction is generally given by I s = I c sin(φ), where φ is the phase difference of the superconducting wave functions of the two electrodes, i.e. the Josephson phase. [1] The critical current I c is the maximum supercurrent that can exist through the Josephson junction. In experiment, one usually ...
The optical path difference between the paths taken by two identical waves can then be used to find the phase change. Finally, using the phase change, the interference between the two waves can be calculated. Fermat's principle states that the path light takes between two points is the path that has the minimum optical path length.
The hypothetical particles tachyons, defined through being faster than light, have inspired many occurrences in fiction. [1] [2] In general, tachyons are a standby mechanism upon which many science fiction authors rely to establish faster-than-light communication, with or without reference to causality issues, [3] [4] as well as a means to achieve faster-than-light travel. [4]
Levinson's theorem is an important theorem of scattering theory. In non-relativistic quantum mechanics, it relates the number of bound states in channels with a definite orbital momentum to the difference in phase of a scattered wave at infinite and zero momenta.