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Neonatal jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a newborn baby due to high bilirubin levels. [1] Other symptoms may include excess sleepiness or poor feeding. [1] Complications may include seizures, cerebral palsy, or kernicterus. [1] In most of cases there is no specific underlying physiologic disorder. [2]
If neonatal cholestasis is suspected or an infant is presenting with jaundice after two weeks of life, total and conjugated bilirubin must be measured. [10] Neonatal cholestasis is present if conjugated bilirubin value is >20% of total serum bilirubin or if serum conjugated bilirubin concentration is greater than 1.0 mg/dL. [2]
Neonatal jaundice spreads in a cephalocaudal pattern, affecting the face and neck before spreading down to the trunk and lower extremities in more severe cases. [51] Other symptoms may include drowsiness, poor feeding, and in severe cases, unconjugated bilirubin can cross the blood-brain barrier and cause permanent neurological damage ...
Treatment for neonatal jaundice is significantly cheaper than the cost of lifelong care, doctors say. First launched in Vietnam in 2019, Project Oscar has helped about 150,000 children in the ...
[citation needed] Diagnosis is usually made by investigation of a newborn baby who has developed jaundice during the first week of life. Testing. Coombs - after birth, the newborn will have a direct Coombs test run to confirm antibodies attached to the infant's red blood cells. This test is run from cord blood. [5]
Acute viral hepatitis can lead to jaundice, elevated bilirubin, elevated liver enzymes (aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase), and flu-like symptoms. [52] Importantly, acute neonatal HBV infections progress to chronic Hepatitis B about 90% of the time. [53]
Crigler–Najjar syndrome is a rare inherited disorder affecting the metabolism of bilirubin, a chemical formed from the breakdown of the heme in red blood cells. The disorder results in a form of nonhemolytic jaundice, which results in high levels of unconjugated bilirubin and often leads to brain damage in infants.
The infant with neonatal hepatitis usually has jaundice that appears at one to two months of age, is not gaining weight and growing normally, and has an enlarged liver and spleen. Infants with this condition are usually jaundiced. Jaundice that is caused by neonatal hepatitis is not the same as physiologic neonatal jaundice. In contrast with ...