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Map showing areas ceded by Finland to the Soviet Union; Porkkala was returned to Finland in 1956. The Karelian question or Karelian issue (Finnish: Karjala-kysymys, Swedish: Karelska frågan, Russian: Карельский вопрос) is a dispute in Finnish politics over whether to try to regain control over eastern Karelia and other territories ceded to the Soviet Union in the Winter War ...
The Winter War [F 6] was a war between the Soviet Union and Finland.It began with a Soviet invasion of Finland on 30 November 1939, three months after the outbreak of World War II, and ended three and a half months later with the Moscow Peace Treaty on 13 March 1940.
Much of this territory was still held by the Finnish Army. Military troops and remaining civilians were hastily evacuated inside the new border: 422,000 Finns, i.e. 12% of Finland's population, left their homes. There was also an area that the Russians captured during the war that remained in Finnish hands according to the treaty: Petsamo.
The Åland Islands are located in the northern Baltic Sea between Sweden and Finland. The population is Swedish-speaking, but after the 1809 Treaty of Fredrikshamn the islands were ceded to the Russian Empire together with a vast majority of the Finnish-speaking areas of Sweden, becoming the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous part of the Russian Empire.
Finnish nationalists argue that the Tsar's abdication puts an end to the personal union with Russia and that power reverts to the Finnish Diet: Faced with the intransigence of the provisional government, the Finns, supported by the Bolsheviks and part of the Russian opposition, proclaimed their independence on June 23, 1917. Kerensky retaliated ...
In June 1944, Finnish troops partially withdrew from the ceded areas again as a result of the Soviet Fourth strategic offensive. Simultaneously, the population was again evacuated. An evacuee family resettled in the Askola parish in Southern Finland, toiling on the field. The Paris Peace Treaty finally confirmed the loss of Finland's territory ...
In the period following Finland's declaration of full independence in 1917, during the Finnish Civil War and Russian Civil War, Finnish activists often crossed the border into Soviet territory in order to fight in the "heimosodat" wars surrounding Finnish ethnic self-determination and possible annexation into Finland. This ended in 1920 when ...
Finnish Civil War: White Guard German Empire: Red Guard Soviet Russia: 1917–1918: White guard victory: Russian presence in Finland ceased, [1] Heimosodat: Soviet-Finnish border conflicts : Volunteers: Various: 1918–1922: Undecided: Treaty of Tartu: Winter War Finland: Soviet Union: 1939–1940: Moscow Peace Treaty: Continuation War ...