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Outward Bound USA (OBUSA) is a non-profit organization providing experiential education in the United States through a network of regional schools, especially in wilderness settings. Outward Bound counts among its desired outcomes the development of self-awareness, self-confidence, leadership skills, environmental and social responsibility.
Breece, Nicholas, and Ericson formed the nucleus of the early board of trustees. Petzoldt was also an early Outward Bound Chief Instructor, and he wanted to establish a school which promoted concentrating on refining outdoor leadership skills. [6] The first facility opened in 1965 in Lander, Wyoming at Sinks Canyon.
The Outward Bound Trust is an educational charity established in 1946 to operate the schools in the United Kingdom. [2] [3] Separate organisations operate the schools in each of the other countries in which Outward Bound operates. [4] Outward Bound helped to shape the U.S. Peace Corps and numerous other outdoor adventure programs. [5]
Expeditionary Learning Schools Outward Bound Archived 2014-09-15 at the Wayback Machine; Herszenhorn, David M., March 20, 2006. "A New York School That Teaches Teamwork by Camping". The New York Times. The Kauffman Foundation; Kearns, David T, "Toward a New Generation of American Schools". The Phi Delta Kappan, Vol. 74, No. 10 (Jun., 1993), pp ...
The Expedition School was launched in Texas, but expanded to outdoor programs in Colorado and Costa Rica. [1] As of 2018, the Expedition School has trained 3,800 people in CPR and those trainees have saved a reported 92 lives. [4] In total, 60,000 people have participated in programs run by the Expedition School. [4]
The largest empirical study of the effects of outdoor education programs (mostly Outward Bound programs) found small-moderate short-term positive impacts on a diverse range of generic life skills, with the strongest outcomes for longer, expedition-based programs with motivated young adults, and partial long-term retention of these gains. [27]
By the late 20th century expeditions were being used as educational vehicles by many private and public sector groups and has grown into large groups such as Outward Bound, serving over 200,000 students in 2006 [5] and National Outdoor Leadership School who have trained over 120,000 people.
Other schools quickly began to use Outward Bound as an adjunctive experience working with adjudicated youth and adults (one of the first programs in 1964 offered recently released prisoners a job at Coors Brewery if they completed a 23-day course). In the late 1970s, Colorado Outward Bound developed the Mental Health Project.