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Betamethasone is a corticosteroid that is available as a pill, by injection, and as an ointment, cream, lotion, gel, or aerosol (spray) for the skin, and a foam for the scalp. [10] When given by injection, anti-inflammatory effects begin in around two hours and last for seven days. [3]
Steroid-induced skin atrophy is thinning of the skin as a result of prolonged exposure to topical steroids. In people with psoriasis using topical steroids it occurs in up to 5% of people after a year of use. [5] Intermittent use of topical steroids for atopic dermatitis is safe and does not cause skin thinning. [6] [7] [8]
Long-term use of topical steroids can lead to secondary infection with fungus or bacteria (see tinea incognito), skin atrophy, telangiectasia (prominent blood vessels), skin bruising and fragility. [11] The use of the finger tip unit may be helpful in guiding how much topical steroid is required to cover different areas of the body.
Topical steroid withdrawal, also known as red burning skin and steroid dermatitis, has been reported in people who apply topical steroids for 2 weeks or longer and then discontinue use. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 2 ] [ 1 ] Symptoms affect the skin and include redness, a burning sensation, and itchiness, [ 2 ] which may then be followed by peeling.
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Betamethasone dipropionate is a glucocorticoid steroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. It is applied as a topical cream, ointment, lotion or gel (Diprolene) to treat itching and other skin conditions such as eczema. Minor side effects include dry skin and mild, temporary stinging when applied. [3]
A human eye with cataract. Some topical glucocorticoids can cause hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA) suppression. [15] Reasons that lead to suppression of the HPA include the use of high-potency glucocorticoids, long-term use, application to highly permeable areas, treatment of large areas, occlusion, changed skin barrier and young age. [15]
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