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Tankers move approximately 2.0 billion metric tons (2.2 billion short tons) of oil every year. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Second only to pipelines in terms of efficiency, [ 5 ] the average cost of transport of crude oil by tanker amounts to only US$5 to $8 per cubic metre ($0.02 to $0.03 per US gallon).
Most humans can function at rest with an oxygen level of 15% at one atmosphere pressure; [1] a fuel such as methane is combustable down to 12% oxygen in nitrogen. A small room of 10 meter 3 has 2.08 meter 3 (2080 liters) or 2.99 kg of oxygen which would occupy 2.62 liters if it was liquid. [2]
Boeing KC-767. The Boeing KC-46 Pegasus is an American military aerial refueling and strategic military transport aircraft developed by Boeing from its 767 jet airliner. In February 2011, the tanker was selected by the United States Air Force (USAF) as the winner in the KC-X tanker competition to replace older Boeing KC-135 Stratotankers.
The construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System included over 800 miles (1,300 km) of oil pipeline, 12 pump stations, and a new tanker port.Built largely on permafrost during 1975–77 between Prudhoe Bay and Valdez, Alaska, the $8 billion effort required tens of thousands of people, often working in extreme temperatures and conditions, the invention of specialized construction techniques ...
A diesel cycle engine can be as much as 40% to 50% efficient at converting fuel into work, [2] where a typical automotive gasoline engine's efficiency is about 25% to 30%. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] In general, an engine is designed to run on a single fuel source and substituting one fuel for another may affect the thermal efficiency.
Custody Transfer in the oil and gas industry refers to the transactions involving transporting physical substance from one operator to another. This includes the transferring of raw and refined petroleum between tanks and railway tank cars; onto ships, and other transactions. Custody transfer in fluid measurement is defined as a metering point ...
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The tonne of oil equivalent (toe) is a unit of energy defined as the amount of energy released by burning one tonne of crude oil. It is approximately 42 gigajoules or 11.630 megawatt-hours, although as different crude oils have different calorific values, the exact value is defined by convention; several slightly different definitions exist.