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The Bill of Rights 1689 in England and Claim of Right Act 1689 in Scotland established the principles of regular parliaments and free elections, [117] but no significant changes to the electoral franchise had taken place by the time the United Kingdom had come into being.
The Whigs included many of the leading aristocratic dynasties who were most committed to the Protestant settlement of the throne, with later support from the emerging industrial interests and rich city merchants, while the Tories were associated with the landed gentry, the Church of England and the Church of Scotland. [1]
Since 1918, the Conservative Party has predominantly received the most English votes in UK general elections, winning a plurality 21 times out of 29. The other seven elections (1945, 1950, 1951, 1966, October 1974, 1997, 2001 and 2024) saw the popular vote in England being won by the Labour Party. [7]
United Kingdom general elections (elections for the House of Commons) have occurred in the United Kingdom since the first in 1802.The members of the 1801–1802 Parliament had been elected to the former Parliament of Great Britain and Parliament of Ireland, before being co-opted to serve in the first Parliament of the United Kingdom, so that Parliament is not included in the table below.
Briggs, Asa England in The Age of Improvement, 1783-1867 (2nd ed. 1979) online; Cannon, John. Parliamentary Reform 1640-1832 (Cambridge University Press, 1973) online. Conacher. The Emergence of British Parliamentary Democracy in the Nineteenth Century: The Passing of the Reform Acts of 1832, 1867, and 1884-1885. (Major Issues in History).
In rural areas, richer landowners gained voting rights after a slight reduction in the property census. [18] Catholics gained voting rights in 1829, [ c ] [ 21 ] and Jews in 1858. Benjamin Disraeli 's reform in 1867, who was a member of the third government of Edward Smith-Stanley , further lowered the property census (the number of voters ...
1928: Women in England, Wales and Scotland received the vote on the same terms as men (over the age of 21, without property requirements) as a result of the Representation of the People Act 1928. [64] 1968–1969: The Electoral Law Act (Northern Ireland) and the Representation of the People Act 1969 reduced the voting age to 18 for men and ...
Mary I, the future queen of England (r. 1553-1558), is born to parents Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. 1521: Lutheran writings begin to circulate in England. 1527 21 May Phillip II, the future king of England (r. 1554-1558), is born to parents Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire and Isabella of Portugal. 1526