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The history command has the following syntax in tcsh: history [-hTr] [n] history -S|-L|-M [filename] (+) history -c (+) The first form prints the history event list. If n is given only the n most recent events are printed or saved. With -h, the history list is printed without leading numbers.
$ # bash shell $ /bin/bash-c 'echo a{p,c,d,b}e' ape ace ade abe $ # A traditional shell does not produce the same output $ /bin/sh-c 'echo a{p,c,d,b}e' a{p,c,d,b}e When brace expansion is combined with wildcards, the braces are expanded first, and then the resulting wildcards are substituted normally.
Support for command history means that a user can recall a previous command into the command-line editor and edit it before issuing the potentially modified command. Shells that support completion may also be able to directly complete the command from the command history given a partial/initial part of the previous command.
tcsh and sh shell windows on a Mac OS X Leopard [1] desktop A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a command line user interface for Unix-like operating systems . The shell is both an interactive command language and a scripting language , and is used by the operating system to control the execution of the system ...
The output format varies between different versions of the command, and some give additional statistics, as in this example: $ time host wikipedia.org wikipedia.org has address 103.102.166.224 wikipedia.org mail is handled by 50 mx2001.wikimedia.org. wikipedia.org mail is handled by 10 mx1001.wikimedia.org. host wikipedia.org 0.04s user 0.02s ...
fc is a standard program on Unix and Unix-like operating systems that lists, edits and reexecutes commands previously entered to an interactive shell. fc is a builtin command in the Bash and Zsh shells and is an initialism for "fix command".
He is the original author of the GNU Bash shell, which he announced as a beta in June 1989. [1] He continued as the primary maintainer of bash until at least early 1993. [2] [3] Fox also built the first interactive online banking software in the U.S. for Wells Fargo in 1995, [4] and he created an open source election system in 2008.
In computing, command substitution is a facility that allows a command to be run and its output to be pasted back on the command line as arguments to another command. Command substitution first appeared in the Bourne shell , [ 1 ] introduced with Version 7 Unix in 1979, and has remained a characteristic of all later Unix shells .