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  2. Jakarta Charter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakarta_Charter

    In the Jakarta Charter, the existence of the phrase "with the obligation to carry out Islamic law for its adherents" (which became known as the "Seven Words"), recognizes Sharia law for Muslims, this greatly differs from the formulation of Pancasila which was put forward by Sukarno in his speech on 1 June 1945. The "Seven Words" itself was ...

  3. Nahdlatul Ulama - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahdlatul_Ulama

    Nahdlatul Ulama (Indonesian pronunciation: [nahˈdatʊl ʊˈlama], lit. ' Revival of the Ulama ', NU) is an Islamic organization in Indonesia.Its membership numbered over 40 million in 2023, [2] making it the largest Islamic organization in the world. [3]

  4. Pancasila (politics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancasila_(politics)

    The ideal of Pancasila has not effectively translated into a functioning liberal democracy in Indonesia. Instead, Pancasila has become a symbol of Indonesian exceptionalism, embodying the nation's values and identity. Pancasila is open to abuse, which in this case was the invitation to criminalise all kinds of ideologies but Pancasila itself.

  5. al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Hakim_bi-Amr_Allah

    In 1005, al-Hakim ordered a public posting of curses against the first three Caliphs (Abu Bakr, Umar and Uthman) and against Aisha, wife of Muhammad, for denying the caliphate to Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law ʿAlī, who according to Shia beliefs, was the rightful prophetic successor.

  6. Quraish Shihab - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quraish_Shihab

    Quraish Shihab, called Bang Odes by his younger siblings, [3] is an Arab Indonesian of Ba 'Alawi sada family, where his family lineage traces back to Muhammad, the Islamic prophet. [4] In addition to Arab, he is also of Bugis descent. [5]

  7. Muhammad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad

    Muhammad [a] (c. 570 – 8 June 632 CE) [b] was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. [c] According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monotheistic teachings of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets.

  8. Hakim ibn Hizam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakim_ibn_Hizam

    Hakim fought with Muhammad at the Battle of Hunayn. [9]: 439 Afterwards, when Muhammad was distributing gifts to his new followers "to win over their hearts," [5]: 594 Hakim asked for a gift of a hundred camels, and then another hundred, and then a third hundred. Muhammad obliged him, but at the third donation he said: "Hakim, this wealth is ...

  9. al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Amir_bi-Ahkam_Allah

    al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah Gold dinar of al-Amir, minted in Cairo, 514 AH (1119/20 CE) Imam – Caliph of the Fatimid Caliphate Reign 1101–1130 Predecessor al-Musta'li Successor al-Hafiz (as caliph and Hafizi imam) al-Tayyib (as Tayyibi imam) Born 31 December 1096 Cairo, Fatimid Caliphate Died 7 October 1130 (1130-10-07) (aged 33) Cairo, Fatimid Caliphate Issue al-Tayyib Names Abū ʿAlī al ...