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Schematic cross section of a pressurized caisson. In geotechnical engineering, a caisson (/ ˈ k eɪ s ən,-s ɒ n /; borrowed from French caisson 'box', from Italian cassone 'large box', an augmentative of cassa) is a watertight retaining structure [1] used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, [2] or for the repair of ships.
Caisson (French for "box") may refer to: Caisson (engineering), a sealed underwater structure; Caisson (vehicle), a two-wheeled cart for carrying ammunition, also used in certain state and military funerals; Caisson (Asian architecture), a spider web ceiling; Caisson (lock gate), a gate for a dock or lock, constructed as a floating caisson
Ship caisson at Droogdok Jan Blanken at Hellevoetsluis. A caisson is a form of lock gate.It consists of a large floating iron or steel box. This can be flooded to seat the caisson in the opening of the dock to close it, or pumped dry to float it and allow it to be towed clear of the dock.
The idea of a boat lift for canals can be traced back to a design based on balanced water-filled caissons in Erasmus Darwin's Commonplace Book (pp. 58–59) dated 1777–1778 [3] In 1796 an experimental balance lock was designed by James Fussell and constructed at Mells on the Dorset and Somerset Canal , though this project was never completed ...
A plan and side view of a generic, empty canal lock. A lock chamber separated from the rest of the canal by an upper pair and a lower pair of mitre gates.The gates in each pair close against each other at an 18° angle to approximate an arch against the water pressure on the "upstream" side of the gates when the water level on the "downstream" side is lower.
A caisson lighthouse (also referred to as a sparkplug lighthouse, or bug light) is a type of lighthouse whose superstructure rests on a concrete or metal caisson. [1] Caisson lighthouses were developed in the late nineteenth century as a cheaper alternative to screwpile lighthouses. The caisson design was also more efficient as it could better ...
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steel caisson 41.5 m long, 5.5 m wide and 3.2 m deep (730 cubic metres capacity), steel carriage on 32 steel wheels, the whole weighing about 900 tonnes. [5] It travels at the speed of 0.6 m/s (2.2 km/h); four lifting gates (two at the caisson and one at each level); two concrete counterweights on guided carriages of 450 tonnes each.