enow.com Web Search

Search results

  1. Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
  2. Formal charge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_charge

    Formal charges in ozone and the nitrate anion. In chemistry, a formal charge (F.C. or q*), in the covalent view of chemical bonding, is the hypothetical charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, assuming that electrons in all chemical bonds are shared equally between atoms, regardless of relative electronegativity.

  3. Lewis structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_structure

    In terms of Lewis structures, formal charge is used in the description, comparison, and assessment of likely topological and resonance structures [7] by determining the apparent electronic charge of each atom within, based upon its electron dot structure, assuming exclusive covalency or non-polar bonding.

  4. Bond valence method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_valence_method

    If these conditions are satisfied, as they are in many ionic and covalent compounds, the electrons forming a bond can all be formally assigned to the anion. The anion thus acquires a formal negative charge and the cation a formal positive charge, which is the picture on which the ionic model is based.

  5. Oxidation state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidation_state

    As an example, summing bond orders in the ammonium cation yields −4 at the nitrogen of formal charge +1, with the two numbers adding to the oxidation state of −3: The sum of oxidation states in the ion equals its charge (as it equals zero for a neutral molecule). Also in anions, the formal (ionic) charges have to be considered when nonzero.

  6. Resonance (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resonance_(chemistry)

    Under the framework of valence bond theory, resonance is an extension of the idea that the bonding in a chemical species can be described by a Lewis structure. For many chemical species, a single Lewis structure, consisting of atoms obeying the octet rule, possibly bearing formal charges, and connected by bonds of positive integer order, is sufficient for describing the chemical bonding and ...

  7. Electron counting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_counting

    Since these compounds tend to be more reactive than compounds that obey their rule, electron counting is an important tool for identifying the reactivity of molecules. While the counting formalism considers each atom separately, these individual atoms (with their hypothetical assigned charge) do not generally exist as free species.

  8. Remove Banner Ads with Ad-Free AOL Mail | AOL Products

    www.aol.com/products/utilities/ad-free-mail

    Ad-Free AOL Mail offers you the AOL webmail experience minus paid ads, allowing you to focus on your inbox without distractions, for just $4.99 per month.

  9. Valence (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valence_(chemistry)

    Species with a single charge are univalent (monovalent). For example, the Cs + cation is a univalent or monovalent cation, whereas the Ca 2+ cation is a divalent cation, and the Fe 3+ cation is a trivalent cation. Unlike Cs and Ca, Fe can also exist in other charge states, notably 2+ and 4+, and is thus known as a multivalent (polyvalent) ion. [15]