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This is a list of conflicts in Europe ordered chronologically, including wars between European states, civil wars within European states, wars between a European state and a non-European state that took place within Europe, militarized interstate disputes, and global conflicts in which Europe was a theatre of war.
Battles generally refer to short periods of intense combat localized to a specific area and over a specific period of time. However, use of the terms in naming such events is not consistent. For example, the First Battle of the Atlantic was more or less an entire theatre of war, and the so-called battle lasted for the duration of the entire war ...
War was seen as a natural and viable or even useful instrument of policy. "War was compared to a tonic for a sick patient or a life-saving operation to cut out diseased flesh." [85] Since war was natural for some leaders, it was simply a question of timing and so it would be better to have a war when the circumstances were most propitious. "I ...
Among the major subjects that historians have long debated regarding the war include: Why the war began; why the Allies won; whether generals were responsible for high casualty rates; how soldiers endured the poor conditions of trench warfare; and to what extent the civilian home front accepted and endorsed the war effort. [3] [4]
The main causes of World War I, which broke out unexpectedly in central Europe in summer 1914, included many factors, such as the conflicts and hostility of the four decades leading up to the war. Militarism, alliances, imperialism, and ethnic nationalism played major roles.
A COSATU organised protest in Cape Town calling for an end to state capture and for the prosecution of those involved in the administration of President Jacob Zuma. The Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU or Cosatu) is a trade union federation in South Africa. It was founded in 1985 and is the largest of the country's three main ...
The Armistice of Mudros of 30 October 1918, which ended Ottoman involvement in World War I, mentions the occupation of the Bosporus fort and the Dardanelles fort. That day, Admiral Somerset Gough-Calthorpe , the British signatory, stated the Triple Entente 's position that they had no intention to dismantle the government or to place it under ...
The First World War: Volume I: To Arms (2003). Tucker, Spencer C., ed. The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia (1996) 816pp; Watson, Alexander. Ring of Steel: Germany and Austria-Hungary in World War I (2014) Wawro, Geoffrey. A Mad Catastrophe: The Outbreak of World War I and the Collapse of the Habsburg Empire (2014)