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Many electromagnetic coils have a magnetic core, a piece of ferromagnetic material like iron in the center to increase the magnetic field. [11] The current through the coil magnetizes the iron, and the field of the magnetized material adds to the field produced by the wire. This is called a ferromagnetic-core or iron-core coil. [12]
The solenoid is a coil of wire, and the plunger is made of a material such as soft iron. Applying a current to the solenoid applies a force to the plunger and may make it move. The plunger stops moving when the forces upon it are balanced. For example, the forces are balanced when the plunger is centered in the solenoid.
An illustration of a solenoid Magnetic field created by a seven-loop solenoid (cross-sectional view) described using field lines Magnetic field demonstration with solenoid-shaped insulated wire and iron filings. A solenoid (/ ˈ s oʊ l ə n ɔɪ d / [1]) is a type of electromagnet formed by a helical coil of wire whose length is substantially ...
Replica of Barkhausen's original apparatus, consisting of an iron bar with a coil of wire around it (center) with the coil connected through a vacuum tube amplifier (left) to an earphone (not shown). When the horseshoe magnet (right) is rotated, the magnetic field through the iron changes from one direction to the other, and the crackling ...
Sheets of suitable iron stamped out in shapes like the letters "E" and "I", are stacked with the "I" against the open end of the "E" to form a 3-legged structure. Coils can be wound around any leg, but usually the center leg is used. This type of core is frequently used for power transformers, autotransformers, and inductors.
Within two months, Faraday had found several other manifestations of electromagnetic induction. For example, he saw transient currents when he quickly slid a bar magnet in and out of a coil of wires, and he generated a steady current by rotating a copper disk near the bar magnet with a sliding electrical lead ("Faraday's disk").
A solenoid The longitudinal cross section of a solenoid with a constant electrical current running through it. The magnetic field lines are indicated, with their direction shown by arrows. The magnetic flux corresponds to the 'density of field lines'. The magnetic flux is thus densest in the middle of the solenoid, and weakest outside of it.
Paramagnetism, ferromagnetism, and spin waves. Ferromagnetism is a property of certain materials (such as iron) that results in a significant, observable magnetic permeability, and in many cases, a significant magnetic coercivity, allowing the material to form a permanent magnet.