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  2. Bicyclic molecule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicyclic_molecule

    An example of a spirocyclic compound is the photochromic switch spiropyran. In fused/condensed [ 5 ] bicyclic compounds , two rings share two adjacent atoms. In other words, the rings share one covalent bond, i.e. the bridgehead atoms are directly connected ( e.g. α-thujene and decalin ).

  3. Cyclic compound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_compound

    [citation needed] The term macrocycle is used when a ring-containing compound has a ring of 12 or more atoms. [6] [7] The term polycyclic is used when more than one ring appears in a single molecule. Naphthalene is formally a polycyclic compound, but is more specifically named as a bicyclic compound. Several examples of macrocyclic and ...

  4. Macrocycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrocycle

    In the example below, alkylation of 2-methylcyclooctanone occurred to yield the predominantly trans product. Proceeding from the lowest energy conformation of 2-methylcycloctanone, peripheral attack is observed from either one of the low energy (energetic difference of 0.5 (kcal/mol)) enolate conformations, resulting in a trans product from ...

  5. Spiro compound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiro_compound

    Spiro compounds are often prepared by diverse rearrangement reactions. For example, the pinacol-pinacolone rearrangement is illustrated below. [3]: 985 is employed in the preparation of aspiro[4.5]decane. [12]]. The synthesis of a spiro-keto compound form a symmetrical diol

  6. Pericyclic reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pericyclic_reaction

    Example of a pericycle reaction: the norcaradiene–cyclohexatriene rearrangement. In organic chemistry, a pericyclic reaction is the type of organic reaction wherein the transition state of the molecule has a cyclic geometry, the reaction progresses in a concerted fashion, and the bond orbitals involved in the reaction overlap in a continuous cycle at the transition state.

  7. Heterocyclic compound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterocyclic_compound

    Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles. [2] Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes. More than half of ...

  8. Coupling reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coupling_reaction

    In organic chemistry, a coupling reaction is a type of reaction in which two reactant molecules are bonded together. Such reactions often require the aid of a metal catalyst.

  9. Chemical biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_biology

    An overview of the different components included in the field of chemical biology. Chemical biology is a scientific discipline between the fields of chemistry and biology.The discipline involves the application of chemical techniques, analysis, and often small molecules produced through synthetic chemistry, to the study and manipulation of biological systems. [1]