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Don Miguel Gregorio Antonio Ignacio Hidalgo y Costilla Gallaga Mandarte y Villaseñor [4] (8 May 1753 – 30 July 1811), commonly known as Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla or simply Miguel Hidalgo (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈɣel iˈðalɣo]), was a Catholic priest, leader of the Mexican War of Independence, and is recognized as the Father of the Nation.
José María Teclo Morelos Pérez y Pavón (Spanish: [xoˈse maˈɾi.a ˈteklo moˈɾelos ˈpeɾes i paˈβon] ⓘ) (30 September 1765 – 22 December 1815 [1]) was a Mexican Catholic priest, statesman and military leader who led the Mexican War of Independence movement, assuming its leadership after the execution of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla in 1811.
The insurrection had begun in the nearby town of Dolores, led by Miguel Hidalgo, a criollo priest born in Pénjamo. He soon moved to the city of Guanajuato, Guanajuato, where the Spanish barricaded themselves–along with plenty of silver and other riches–in a grain warehouse known as the Alhóndiga de Granaditas .
Map of Hidalgo's Campaign, which included the Alhóndiga confrontation. Hidalgo sent José Mariano Jiménez as an emissary. He was a miner with no military training who asked Allende for permission to join the troops; Allende refused but Hidalgo decided to send him on a special mission to intimidate Riaño and request the surrender of the city of Guanajuato without violence.
Ignacio José de Allende y Unzaga (US: / ɑː ˈ j ɛ n d eɪ,-d i /, [1] [2] UK: / æ ˈ-, aɪ ˈ ɛ n-/, [3] [4] Spanish: [iɣˈnasjo aˈʝende]; January 21, 1769 – June 26, 1811), commonly known as Ignacio Allende, was a captain of the Spanish Army in New Spain who came to sympathize with the Mexican independence movement.
The conflict had several phases. The first uprising for independence was led by parish priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, who issued the Cry of Dolores on 16 September 1810. The revolt was massive and not well organized. Hidalgo was captured by royalist forces, defrocked from the priesthood, and executed in July 1811.
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Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla: Chief instigator of independence in 1810 and "Father of the Nation". Father José María Morelos y Pavón: Skilled general and leader of the independence movement after Hidalgo's execution. Ignacio Allende: Lieutenant general of the insurgent army and later rebel leader. Juan Aldama: A rebel captain and ...