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  2. Nucleotide base - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleotide_base

    Each of the base pairs in a typical double-helix DNA comprises a purine and a pyrimidine: either an A paired with a T or a C paired with a G. These purine-pyrimidine pairs, which are called base complements, connect the two strands of the helix and are often compared to the rungs of a ladder. Only pairing purine with pyrimidine ensures a ...

  3. Purine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purine

    Purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of two rings (pyrimidine and imidazole) fused together. It is water -soluble. Purine also gives its name to the wider class of molecules , purines , which include substituted purines and their tautomers .

  4. Pyrimidine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrimidine

    Pyrimidine (C 4 H 4 N 2; / p ɪ ˈ r ɪ. m ɪ ˌ d iː n, p aɪ ˈ r ɪ. m ɪ ˌ d iː n /) is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound similar to pyridine (C 5 H 5 N). [3] One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring.

  5. Nucleic acid structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_structure

    The secondary structure is responsible for the shape that the nucleic acid assumes. The bases in the DNA are classified as purines and pyrimidines. The purines are adenine and guanine. Purines consist of a double ring structure, a six-membered and a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. The pyrimidines are cytosine and thymine. It has a ...

  6. Nucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleotide

    Purine nucleosides can be synthesized by a similar pathway. 5'-mono- and di-phosphates also form selectively from phosphate-containing minerals, allowing concurrent formation of polyribonucleotides with both the purine and pyrimidine bases. Thus a reaction network towards the purine and pyrimidine RNA building blocks can be established starting ...

  7. DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

    The complementary nitrogenous bases are divided into two groups, the single-ringed pyrimidines and the double-ringed purines. In DNA, the pyrimidines are thymine and cytosine; the purines are adenine and guanine. Both strands of double-stranded DNA store the same biological information. This information is replicated when the two strands separate.

  8. Base pair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_pair

    The bigger nucleobases, adenine and guanine, are members of a class of double-ringed chemical structures called purines; the smaller nucleobases, cytosine and thymine (and uracil), are members of a class of single-ringed chemical structures called pyrimidines. Purines are complementary only with pyrimidines: pyrimidinepyrimidine pairings are ...

  9. Chargaff's rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chargaff's_rules

    Because the number of purine bases will, to a very good approximation, equal the number of their complementary pyrimidines within the same strand and, because the coding sequences occupy 80–90% of the strand, there appears to be (1) a selective pressure on the third base to minimize the number of purine bases in the strand with the greater ...

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