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What causes kidney disease? The most common causes of CKD are high blood pressure and diabetes, "which damage the small blood vessels and filtering units in the kidneys over time," says Nagata ...
The most common causes of CKD are diabetes mellitus, ... Chronic kidney disease was the cause of 956,000 deaths globally in 2013, up from 409,000 deaths in 1990.
Kidney disease usually causes a loss of kidney function to some degree and can result in kidney failure, the complete loss of kidney function. Kidney failure is known as the end-stage of kidney disease, where dialysis or a kidney transplant is the only treatment option.
Chronic kidney failure has numerous causes. The most common causes of chronic failure are diabetes mellitus and long-term, uncontrolled hypertension. [27] Polycystic kidney disease is another well-known cause of chronic failure. The majority of people affected with polycystic kidney disease have a family history of the disease.
Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end-stage kidney disease, [13] [14] which may require hemodialysis or even kidney transplantation. [15] It is associated with an increased risk of death in general, particularly from cardiovascular disease. [13] [16]
Causes include a number of kidney diseases such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, and minimal change disease. [1] [2] It may also occur as a complication of diabetes, lupus, or amyloidosis. The underlying mechanism typically involves damage to the glomeruli of the kidney.
The various symptoms of acute kidney injury result from the various disturbances of kidney function that are associated with the disease. Accumulation of urea and other nitrogen-containing substances in the bloodstream lead to a number of symptoms, such as fatigue , loss of appetite , headache , nausea , and vomiting . [ 6 ]
A small proportion of individuals with analgesic nephropathy may develop end-stage kidney disease. Analgesic nephropathy was once a common cause of kidney injury and end-stage kidney disease in parts of Europe, Australia, and the United States. In most areas, its incidence has declined sharply since the use of phenacetin fell in the 1970s and ...
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