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The Battle of Austerlitz, in which Habsburg power was crushed by the French forces under Napoleon. The French Revolution was opposed by the Habsburgs in Austria, who sought to destroy the Revolutionary Republic with assistance from several coalitions of monarchical nations, including Britain and several states within the Holy Roman Empire.
In 1806 the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved under French pressure. Confederation of the Rhine – 1812: German Confederation – 1815: North German Confederation – 1870: A confederation of German client-states of the First French Empire: An attempted partial resurrection of the Holy Roman Empire after the Napoleonic wars
The Habsburg monarchy, [i] also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm, [j] was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities that were ruled by the House of Habsburg. From the 18th century it is also referred to as the Austrian monarchy (Latin: Monarchia Austriaca) or the Danubian monarchy. [k] [2]
The empire was the first to be labelled as "the empire on which the sun never sets", a term used to describe several global empires throughout history. The lands of the empire had in common only the monarch, Charles V, while their boundaries, institutions, and laws remained distinct.
Habsburg defeats Appenzell and Toggenburg 1446, 6 March: Battle of Ragaz: Bad Ragaz: Confederates defeat Zürich and Habsburg 1445–49 – St. Jakoberkrieg 1449: Siege of Rheinfelden: Rheinfelden: Basel vs. Habsburg 1447–48 – Freiburgkrieg 1448, 29 March: Battle of Neumatt: canton of Fribourg: Bern and Savoyen vs Fribourg and Habsburg 1448 ...
English: A political map of Europe circa 1789. This map also includes a border for the Holy Roman Empire.Since there are so many small German states, they have a stroke (outline) of 0.1px rather than 0.4px as with the other states.
In parallel, France developed its first colonial empire in Asia, Africa, and in the Americas. In the 16th to the 17th centuries, the First French colonial empire stretched from a total area at its peak in 1680 to over 10,000,000 square kilometres (3,900,000 sq mi), the second-largest empire in the world at the time behind the Spanish Empire.
The immediate cause was the death of the childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700, which led to a struggle for control of the Spanish Empire between supporters of the French Bourbons and the Habsburgs. Charles named his heir as Philip of Anjou, a grandson of Louis XIV of France, whose claim was backed by France and most of Spain.