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Calcific tendinitis is a common condition where deposits of calcium phosphate form in a tendon, sometimes causing pain at the affected site. Deposits can occur in several places in the body, but are by far most common in the rotator cuff of the shoulder.
Tendinopathy is a type of tendon disorder that results in pain, swelling, and impaired function. [2] The pain is typically worse with movement. [2] It most commonly occurs around the shoulder (rotator cuff tendinitis, biceps tendinitis), elbow (tennis elbow, golfer's elbow), wrist, hip, knee (jumper's knee, popliteus tendinopathy), or ankle (Achilles tendinitis).
Peritenon provides vascular supply for Achilles tendon along with vessels from musculotendinous junction proximally, the periosteum distally. There is a relatively avascular zone located 2–6 cm proximal to its insertion that is named "watershed area of the tendo Achilles".
Achilles tendinopathy is idiopathic, meaning the cause is not well understood. Theories of causation include overuse such as running, [2] [3] a lifestyle that includes little exercise, high-heel shoes, rheumatoid arthritis, and medications of the fluoroquinolone or steroid class. [1] Diagnosis is generally based on symptoms and examination. [3]
Calcific bursitis refers to calcium deposits within the bursae.This most occurs in the shoulder area. The most common bursa for calcific bursitis to occur is the subacromial bursa.
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Acting via the Achilles tendon, the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles cause plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle. This action brings the sole of the foot closer to the back of the leg. The gastrocnemius also flexes the leg at the knee. Both muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve. [14]
Other causes of trochanteric bursitis include uneven leg length, iliotibial band syndrome, and weakness of the hip abductor muscles. [ 1 ] Greater trochanteric pain syndrome can remain incorrectly diagnosed for years, because it shares the same pattern of pain with many other musculoskeletal conditions.