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India is home to 423 mammals, 1233 birds, 526 reptiles, 342 amphibians, 3022 fish apart from other species which form 7.6% of mammal, 14.7% of amphibian, 6% of bird, 6.2% of reptilian species worldwide. [3] [5] Among Indian species, only 12.6% of mammals and 4.5% of birds are endemic, contrasting with 45.8% of reptiles and 55.8% of amphibians. [5]
Some of these animals are engrained in Indian culture, often being associated with deities. These large mammals are important for wildlife tourism in India, with several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries catering to these needs. The popularity of these charismatic animals has greatly helped conservation efforts in India.
A wildlife sanctuary in India is defined as a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, or features of geological or other interest, which is reserved and managed for conservation and to provide opportunities for study or research. The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 provides for the establishment of protected areas in India. [1]
When designing a wildlife monitoring strategy, it is important to minimize harm to the animal and implement the 3Rs principles (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement). [55] In wildlife research, this can be done through the use of non-invasive methods, sharing samples and data with other research groups, or optimizing traps to prevent injuries.
A "Common Important Forest" in India is a forest governed by local communities in a way compatible with sustainable development. Such forests are typically called village forests or panchayat forests , reflecting the fact that the administration and resource use of the forest occurs at the village and panchayat (an elected rural body) levels.
India hosts significant biodiversity; it is home to 7.6% of all mammalian, 12.6% of avian, 6.2% of reptilian, and 6.0% of flowering plant species. [8] In recent decades, human encroachment has posed a threat to India's wildlife; in response, a system of national parks and protected areas, first
Wildlife trade is a serious conservation problem, has a negative effect on the viability of many wildlife populations and is one of the major threats to the survival of vertebrate species. [8] The illegal wildlife trade has been linked to the emergence and spread of new infectious diseases in humans, including emergent viruses.
Gaga Wildlife Sanctuary: Gujarat 11 Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary: Gujarat 12 Kutch Bustard Sanctuary: Gujarat 13 Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary: Gujarat 14 Porbandar Bird Sanctuary: Gujarat 15 Thol Lake: Gujarat 16 Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary: Haryana 17 Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary: Haryana 18 Gamgul: Himachal Pradesh 19 Attiveri Bird Sanctuary ...