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In an electric power system, a fault or fault current is any abnormal electric current. For example, a short circuit is a fault in which a live wire touches a neutral or ground wire. An open-circuit fault occurs if a circuit is interrupted by a failure of a current-carrying wire (phase or neutral) or a blown fuse or circuit breaker .
A transient fault is a loss of power typically caused by a fault on a power line, e.g. a short circuit or flashover. Power is automatically restored once the fault is cleared. A brownout is a drop in voltage in an electrical power supply. The term brownout comes from the dimming experienced by incandescent lighting when the voltage sags.
Discharge of electric current through an open space between conductors; may be produced intentionally as a source of intense light and heat, or may be a result of an electrical fault. electric charge The physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field. electric circuit
Power system protection is a branch of electrical power engineering that deals with the protection of electrical power systems from faults [citation needed] through the disconnection of faulted parts from the rest of the electrical network. The objective of a protection scheme is to keep the power system stable by isolating only the components ...
Although usually the result of a fault, there are cases where short circuits are caused intentionally, for example, for the purpose of voltage-sensing crowbar circuit protectors. In circuit analysis, a short circuit is defined as a connection between two nodes that forces them to be at the same voltage. In an 'ideal' short circuit, this means ...
In an electrical grid, contingency is an unexpected failure of a single principal component (e.g., an electrical generator or a power transmission line) [1] that causes the change of the system state large enough to endanger the grid security. [2]
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In electric power distribution networks, a fault indicator is a device which provides visual or remote indication of a fault on the electric power system. Also called a faulted circuit indicator (FCI), [1] the device is used in electric power distribution networks as a means of automatically detecting and identifying faults to reduce outage time.