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Bollard pull is a conventional measure of the pulling (or towing) power of a watercraft.It is defined as the force (usually in tonnes-force or kilonewtons (kN)) exerted by a vessel under full power, on a shore-mounted bollard through a tow-line, commonly measured in a practical test (but sometimes simulated) under test conditions that include calm water, no tide, level trim, and sufficient ...
The capstan equation [1] or belt friction equation, also known as Euler–Eytelwein formula [2] (after Leonhard Euler and Johann Albert Eytelwein), [3] relates the hold-force to the load-force if a flexible line is wound around a cylinder (a bollard, a winch or a capstan).
Bollard pull can increase up to 30% with ducts. With decelerating ducts, the circulation opposite of the Kort nozzle, resulting in a negative thrust of the duct. This type is used for high speed vessels with increased exposure to cavitation and vessels that want to reduce noise levels, such as warships.
The vessel's twin shaft lines with controllable pitch propellers can be driven with a maximum power of 18,800 kW (25,200 hp) and, when used in boost mode together with the 1,200 kW (1,600 hp) drop-down azimuthing bow thruster, generate a bollard pull of 307 tonnes (338 short tons). [7]
The reference load used in the design and testing of the towing winch is twice the static bollard pull. Even if AHTS-vessels are customized for anchor-handling and towing, they can also undertake, for example, ROV ( remotely operated underwater vehicle ) services, safety/rescue services, and supply duties between mainland and offshore ...
Mellum: 5 nmi (9.3 km) southwest off Heligoland, bollard pull of 100 t [12] Neuwerk: 5 nmi (9.3 km) southwest off Süderoogsand (Nordfriesland), bollard pull of 113 t [13] Baltic Sea. Bülk: Kiel Fjord, bollard pull of 40 t [14] Scharhörn: Hohwacht Bay (between Kiel and Fehmarn), bollard pull of 40 t [15] Baltic: Warnemünde, 127 t of bollard ...
An example of an electrical force gauge is an "electronic scale". One or more electrical load cells (commonly referred to as "weigh bars") are used to support a vertical or horizontal "live load" and are solid-state potentiometers which have variable internal resistance proportional to the load they are subjected to and deflected by.
At a basic level, it is typically calculated in metres using the formula: [1] UKC = Charted Depth − Draft-/+ Height of Tide. Ship masters and deck officers can obtain the depth of water from Electronic navigational charts. [5] More dynamic or advanced calculations include safety margins for manoeuvring effects and squat. [7]
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