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Data sharing may also be restricted to protect institutions and scientists from use of data for political purposes. Data and methods may be requested from an author years after publication. In order to encourage data sharing [3] and prevent the loss or corruption of data, a number of funding agencies and journals established policies on data ...
Electronic data interchange is a successful implementation of commercial data exchanges that began in the late 1970s and remains in use today. [5] Some controversy comes when discussing regulations regarding information exchange. [6] Initiatives to standardize information sharing protocols include extensible markup language , simple object ...
Data processing is the collection and manipulation of digital data to produce meaningful information. [1] Data processing is a form of information processing , which is the modification (processing) of information in any manner detectable by an observer.
Data exchange is the process of taking data structured under a source schema and transforming it into a target schema, so that the target data is an accurate representation of the source data. Data exchange allows data to be shared between different computer programs.
For this reason, starting c. 1985, the distributed systems research community began to explore alternative methods of replicating data. An outgrowth of this work was the emergence of schemes in which a group of replicas could cooperate, with each process acting as a backup while also handling a share of the workload.
Electronic data processing (EDP) or business information processing can refer to the use of automated methods to process commercial data. Typically, this uses relatively simple, repetitive activities to process large volumes of similar information.
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Codd showed that data relationships of arbitrary complexity can be represented by a simple set of concepts. [2] Part of this processing involves consistently being able to select or modify one and only one row in a table. Therefore, most physical implementations have a unique primary key (PK) for each row in a table. When a new row is written ...