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Video of relevant anatomy Coronal slices of human brain showing the basal ganglia. White matter is shown in dark gray, gray matter is shown in light gray. Anterior: striatum, globus pallidus (GPe and GPi) Posterior: subthalamic nucleus (STN), substantia nigra (SN) The basal ganglia form a fundamental component of the cerebrum.
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a small lens-shaped nucleus in the brain where it is, from a functional point of view, part of the basal ganglia system. In terms of anatomy, it is the major part of the subthalamus. As suggested by its name, the subthalamic nucleus is located ventral to the thalamus.
English: Circuits of the basal ganglia. Picture shows 2 coronal slices that have been superimposed to include the involved basal ganglia structures. + and - signs at the point of the arrows indicate respectively whether the pathway is excitatory or inhibitory in effect.
The basal ganglia are located bilaterally, and have rostral and caudal divisions. The putamen is located in the rostral division as part of the striatum. The basal ganglia receive input from the cerebral cortex, via the striatum. This is a transverse section of the striatum from a structural MR image.
The substantia nigra (SN) is a basal ganglia structure located in the midbrain that plays an important role in reward and movement. Substantia nigra is Latin for "black substance", reflecting the fact that parts of the substantia nigra appear darker than neighboring areas due to high levels of neuromelanin in dopaminergic neurons. [1]
The caudate nucleus is one of the structures that make up the corpus striatum, which is part of the basal ganglia in the human brain. [1] Although the caudate nucleus has long been associated with motor processes because of its role in Parkinson's disease, [2] [clarification needed] [3] it also plays important roles in nonmotor functions, such as procedural learning, [4] associative learning ...
The subthalamus is located ventral to the thalamus, medial to the internal capsule and lateral to the hypothalamus.It is a region formed by several grey matter nuclei and their associated white matter structures, namely: [3]
Globus pallidus line was pointing to the wrong object and removed inaccurate label (the basal ganglia is all of the pink and purple except the tip) 15:06, 2 September 2019: 490 × 330 (39 KB) Slashme: Correct spelling: "globus pallides" → "globus pallidus" 14:22, 7 May 2009: 490 × 330 (39 KB) Madhero88: Another correction: 13:45, 7 May 2009: ...