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Weight is measured in ounces and pounds (avoirdupois) as in the U.S. Volume is measured in imperial gallons, quarts, pints, fluid ounces, and fluid drachms. The imperial gallon was originally defined as 10 pounds (4.5359 kg) of water in 1824, and refined as exactly 4.54609 litres in 1985.
The specific weight, also known as the unit weight (symbol γ, the Greek letter gamma), is a volume-specific quantity defined as the weight W divided by the volume V of a material: = / Equivalently, it may also be formulated as the product of density, ρ, and gravity acceleration, g: = Its unit of measurement in the International System of Units (SI) is newton per cubic metre (N/m 3), with ...
Avoirdupois ounce per fluid ounce (1 g/cm 3 ≈ 1.04317556 oz/US fl oz = 1.04317556 lb/US fl pint) Avoirdupois pound per cubic inch (1 g/cm 3 ≈ 0.036127292 lb/cu in) pound per cubic foot (1 g/cm 3 ≈ 62.427961 lb/cu ft) pound per cubic yard (1 g/cm 3 ≈ 1685.5549 lb/cu yd) pound per US liquid gallon (1 g/cm 3 ≈ 8.34540445 lb/US gal)
One litre of water has a mass of almost exactly one kilogram when measured at its maximal density, which occurs at about 4 °C. It follows, therefore, that 1000th of a litre, known as one millilitre (1 mL), of water has a mass of about 1 g; 1000 litres of water has a mass of about 1000 kg (1 tonne or megagram). This relationship holds because ...
An imperial fluid ounce is 1 ⁄ 20 of an imperial pint, 1 ⁄ 160 of an imperial gallon or exactly 28.4130625 mL. A US customary fluid ounce is 1 ⁄ 16 of a US liquid pint and 1 ⁄ 128 of a US liquid gallon or exactly 29.5735295625 mL, making it about 4.08% larger than the imperial fluid ounce. A US food labeling fluid ounce is exactly 30 mL.
Conversion of units is the conversion of the unit of measurement in which a quantity is expressed, typically through a multiplicative conversion factor that changes the unit without changing the quantity. This is also often loosely taken to include replacement of a quantity with a corresponding quantity that describes the same physical property.
The table of imperial avoirdupois mass is the same as the United States table up to one pound, but above that point, the tables differ. The imperial system has a hundredweight, defined as eight stone of 14 lb each, or 112 lb (50.802 345 44 kg), whereas a US hundredweight is 100 lb (45.359 237 kg). In both systems, 20 hundredweights make a ton.
See Weight for detail of mass/weight distinction and conversion. Avoirdupois is a system of mass based on a pound of 16 ounces, while Troy weight is the system of mass where 12 troy ounces equals one troy pound. The symbol g 0 is used to denote standard gravity in order to avoid confusion with the (upright) g symbol for gram.