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1,3,5-Trioxane, sometimes also called trioxane or trioxin, is a chemical compound with molecular formula C 3 H 6 O 3. It is a white, highly water-soluble solid with a chloroform -like odor. It is a stable cyclic trimer of formaldehyde , and one of the three trioxane isomers; its molecular backbone consists of a six-membered ring with three ...
Molecular formaldehyde. A colorless gas with a characteristic pungent, irritating odor. It is stable at about 150 °C, but it polymerizes when condensed to a liquid. 1,3,5-Trioxane, with the formula (CH 2 O) 3. It is a white solid that dissolves without degradation in organic solvents. It is a trimer of molecular formaldehyde.
Cyclotrimerization of formaldehyde affords 1,3,5-Trioxane: 1,3,5-Trithiane is the cyclic trimer of the otherwise unstable species thioformaldehyde. This heterocycle consists of a six-membered ring with alternating methylene bridges and thioether groups. It is prepared by treatment of formaldehyde with hydrogen sulfide. [6]
The three isomers are: 1,2,3-trioxane, a hypothetical compound that is the parent structure of the molozonides [1]; 1,2,4-trioxane, a hypothetical compound whose skeleton occurs as a structural component of some antimalarial agents (artemisinin and similar drugs) [2]
1,3,5-Trithiane is the chemical compound with the formula (CH 2 S) 3. This heterocycle is the cyclic trimer of the otherwise unstable species thioformaldehyde. It consists of a six-membered ring with alternating methylene bridges and thioether groups. It is prepared by treatment of formaldehyde with hydrogen sulfide. [2]
Paraldehyde is the cyclic trimer of acetaldehyde molecules. [2] Formally, it is a derivative of 1,3,5-trioxane, with a methyl group substituted for a hydrogen atom at each carbon. The corresponding tetramer is metaldehyde. A colourless liquid, it is sparingly soluble in water and highly soluble in ethanol.
Paraformaldehyde can be depolymerized to formaldehyde gas by dry heating [2] and to formaldehyde solution by water in the presence of a base, an acid or heat. The high purity formaldehyde solutions obtained in this way are used as a fixative for microscopy and histology. The resulting formaldehyde gas from dry heating paraformaldehyde is flammable.
The units of an oligomer may be arranged in a linear chain (as in melam, a dimer of melamine); a closed ring (as in 1,3,5-trioxane, a cyclic trimer of formaldehyde); or a more complex structure (as in tellurium tetrabromide, a tetramer of TeBr 4 with a cube-like core).