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  2. Antithesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithesis

    Antithesis (pl.: antitheses; Greek for "setting opposite", from ἀντι-"against" and θέσις "placing") is used in writing or speech either as a proposition that contrasts with or reverses some previously mentioned proposition, or when two opposites are introduced together for contrasting effect.

  3. Proof by contradiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_by_contradiction

    More broadly, proof by contradiction is any form of argument that establishes a statement by arriving at a contradiction, even when the initial assumption is not the negation of the statement to be proved. In this general sense, proof by contradiction is also known as indirect proof, proof by assuming the opposite, [2] and reductio ad ...

  4. List of Latin legal terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin_legal_terms

    The intention, when writing a document, that the document should serve as a last will and testament. [8] ante: before “An antenuptial agreement is a contract between two people that is executed before marriage.” (in) arguendo: for the sake of argument bona fide: in good faith Implies sincere good intention regardless of outcome. / ˈ b oʊ ...

  5. Affidavit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affidavit

    Affidavit is not treated as "evidence" within the meaning of Section 3 of the Evidence Act. [4] However, it was held by the Supreme Court that an affidavit can be used as evidence only if the court so orders for sufficient reasons, namely, the right of the opposite party to have the deponent produced for cross-examination. [ 5 ]

  6. List of fallacies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies

    [88] (opposite of appeal to tradition) Appeal to poverty (argumentum ad Lazarum) – supporting a conclusion because the arguer is poor (or refuting because the arguer is wealthy). (Opposite of appeal to wealth.) [89] Appeal to tradition (argumentum ad antiquitatem) – a conclusion supported solely because it has long been held to be true. [90]

  7. Fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallacy

    In the absence of sufficient evidence, drawing conclusions based on induction is unwarranted and fallacious. With the backing of sufficient amounts of the right type of empirical evidence , however, the conclusions may become warranted and convincing (at which point the arguments are no longer considered fallacious).

  8. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    Conservatism bias, the tendency to insufficiently revise one's belief when presented with new evidence. [5] [14] [15] Functional fixedness, a tendency limiting a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used. [16] Law of the instrument, an over-reliance on a familiar tool or methods, ignoring or under-valuing alternative ...

  9. Argument from ignorance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_ignorance

    Argument from ignorance (from Latin: argumentum ad ignorantiam), also known as appeal to ignorance (in which ignorance represents "a lack of contrary evidence"), is a fallacy in informal logic. The fallacy is committed when one asserts that a proposition is true because it has not yet been proven false or a proposition is false because it has ...