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North Korea has a civil law system based on the Prussian model and influenced by Japanese traditions and communist legal theory. [236] Judiciary procedures are handled by the Central Court (the highest court of appeal ), provincial or special city-level courts, people's courts, and special courts.
The Communist movement in Korea emerged as a political movement in the early 20th century. Although the movement had a minor role in pre-war politics, the division between the communist North Korea and the anti-communist South Korea came to dominate Korean political life in the post-World War II era.
By 1949, North Korea was a full-fledged Communist state. All parties and mass organizations joined the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland, ostensibly a popular front but in reality dominated by the Communists.
The Korean War in the 1950s failed to resolve the issue, leaving North Korea locked in a military confrontation with South Korea and the United States Forces Korea across the Demilitarized Zone. At the start of the Cold War , North Korea only had diplomatic recognition by communist countries.
The North Korean Bureau became the Communist Party of North Korea in spring 1946, with Kim Il Sung being elected its chairman. [11] On 22 July 1946, Soviet authorities in North Korea established the United Democratic National Front, a popular front led by the Communist Party of North Korea. [12]
In his words, North Korea was "a backward, colonial semifeudal society" when the communists took over, but since the North Korean communists did not accept Marxism, which was based on European experiences with capitalism, or Leninism, which was based on Russia's experience, they conceived of Juche. [100]
Workers' Party of North Korea (Workers' Party) 북조선로동당 Pukchosŏn Rodongdang: Merged with the Workers' Party of South Korea in 1949 to form the Workers' Party of Korea. [5] New People's Party of Korea 조선신민당 Chosŏn Sinmindang: Merged with the Communist Party of Korea in 1946 to form the Workers' Party of South Korea. [6]
Officially, the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) – the ruling party of North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) – is a communist party guided by Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism, a synthesis of the ideas of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il. [1]