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  2. Present perfect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_perfect

    The present perfect is a grammatical combination of the present tense and perfect aspect that is used to express a past event that has present consequences. [1] The term is used particularly in the context of English grammar to refer to forms like "I have finished".

  3. English verbs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_verbs

    There is a perfect infinitive (to) have written and a perfect progressive infinitive (to) have been writing, and corresponding present participle/gerund forms having written and having been writing. A perfect subjunctive (have written) is also sometimes used. Future and conditional perfect forms are given below.

  4. Gerund - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerund

    (gerund phrase as the complement of a preposition) Using gerunds of the appropriate auxiliary verbs, one can form gerund clauses that express perfect aspect and passive voice: Being deceived can make someone feel angry. (passive) Having read the book once before makes me more prepared. (perfect) He is ashamed of having been gambling all night.

  5. Perfect (grammar) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_(grammar)

    (present perfect subjunctive, a rarely used form; see English subjunctive) (to) have eaten (perfect infinitive) having eaten (perfect gerund or participle) The perfect can also be combined with another aspect [21] that is marked in English – the progressive (or continuous) aspect.

  6. English auxiliary verbs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_auxiliary_verbs

    The first English grammar, Bref Grammar for English by William Bullokar, published in 1586, does not use the term "auxiliary" but says: All other verbs are called verbs-neuters-un-perfect because they require the infinitive mood of another verb to express their signification of meaning perfectly: and be these, may, can, might or mought, could, would, should, must, ought, and sometimes, will ...

  7. Uses of English verb forms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uses_of_English_verb_forms

    The present perfect may also be used with future reference, instead of the future perfect, in those dependent clauses where future occurrence is denoted by present tense (see § Dependent clauses below). For example: When you have written it, show it to me. For the possibility of a present perfect subjunctive, see English subjunctive.

  8. English grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_grammar

    Most verbs have three or four inflected forms in addition to the base form: a third-person singular present tense form in -(e)s (writes, botches), a present participle and gerund form in -ing (writing), a past tense (wrote), and – though often identical to the past tense form – a past participle (written).

  9. Grammatical aspect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_aspect

    Present progressive (progressive, not perfect): "I am eating" Present perfect (not progressive, perfect): "I have eaten" Present perfect progressive (progressive, perfect): "I have been eating" (While many elementary discussions of English grammar classify the present perfect as a past tense, it relates the action to the present time.