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The lateral rotator group is a group of six small muscles of the hip which all externally (laterally) rotate the femur in the hip joint.It consists of the following muscles: piriformis, gemellus superior, obturator internus, gemellus inferior, quadratus femoris and the obturator externus.
The adductor group is responsible for hip adduction. Medial rotation is performed by the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus, as well as the tensor fasciae latae and assisted by the adductors brevis and longus and the superior portion of the adductor magnus. Each muscle of the lateral rotator group causes lateral rotation of the thigh.
This causes the femur to rotate and point the knee laterally. The lateral rotators also oppose medial rotation by the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. When the hip is flexed to 90 degrees, piriformis abducts the femur at the hip and reverses primary function, internally rotating the hip when the hip is flexed at 90 degrees or more. [7]
The symptoms of hip pain will vary depending on the underlying cause. Hip pain is often characterized by a clicking and snapping around the hip, although it could also feel more deep-seated, with ...
Risk Factors. Risk factors for hip pain make you more likely to experience it. Some (but not all) overlap with the causes of hip pain, such as different types of arthritis and injuries.
[4] [5] The positioning of the hip at the time of impact determines associated injuries, with abduction of the hip making a complex hip dislocation more likely, while adduction and flexion of the hip favors a simple hip dislocation. [citation needed] Anterior dislocations happen with trauma forcing external rotation and abduction of the hip.
of thigh/femur at hip [2] Gluteus maximus; Lateral rotator group. piriformis; gemellus superior; obturator internus; pectineus ; gemellus inferior; obturator externus; quadratus femoris; Sartorius; of leg at knee [3] Biceps femoris; of eyeball (motion is also called "extorsion" or excyclotorsion) [4] Inferior rectus muscle; Inferior oblique muscle
External rotation of the femur with valgus deformity of knee may be noted. This condition does not resolve and requires surgical management. Surgical management includes valgus osteotomy to improve hip biomechanics and length and rotational osteotomy to correct retroversion and lengthening.