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Sunset provisions have been used extensively throughout legal history. [2] The idea of general sunset provisions was discussed extensively in the late 1970s. [3] Sunset clauses with an effective extension review process have been argued as a safeguard of democracy to ensure emergency provisions, such as state of emergency, remain temporary. [4]
The sunset provision allowed EGTRRA to sidestep the Byrd Rule, a Senate rule that amends the Congressional Budget Act to allow Senators to block a piece of legislation if it purports a significant increase in the federal deficit beyond ten years.
The ruling to eliminate the sunset provision regarding vessel speed restrictions was first proposed in June 2013. [3] The National Marine Fisheries Service accepted comments from the public about measures that would be taken for assessing the long term costs and benefits of the rule to the endangered North Atlantic right whale population.
For example, many of the provisions of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 and the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 would have expired as soon as fiscal year 2010 if not extended. The provisions that were to expire including the $1000 per child tax credit, the 10% income tax bracket for low-income ...
To comply with the Byrd Rule, the tax cuts contained sunset provisions, meaning that, absent further legislation, tax rates would return to their pre-2001 levels in 2011. [29] Portions of the Bush tax cuts were made permanent through the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, though some of the tax cuts for high earners were not extended. [30]
In 2012, during the fiscal cliff, Obama overcame the sunset provisions and made the tax cuts permanent for single people earning less than $400,000 per year and couples making less than $450,000 per year, but did not stop the sunset provisions from applying to higher incomes, under the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.
This title has 25 sections, with one of the sections (section 224) containing a sunset clause which sets an expiration date, of 31 December 2005, for most of the title's provisions. On 22 December 2005, the sunset clause expiration date was extended to 3 February 2006. Title II contains many of the most contentious provisions of the act.
Additionally, further research has shown that during divided governments, legislatures will pass laws with sunset provisions in order to achieve a political consensus. [ 3 ] Party control of legislative and executive branches