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The modern steam turbine was invented in 1884 by Charles Parsons, whose first model was connected to a dynamo that generated 7.5 kilowatts (10.1 hp) of electricity. [12] The invention of Parsons' steam turbine made cheap and plentiful electricity possible and revolutionized marine transport and naval warfare. [13] Parsons' design was a reaction ...
A de Laval nozzle (or convergent-divergent nozzle, CD nozzle or con-di nozzle) is a tube which is pinched in the middle, with a rapid convergence and gradual divergence. It is used to accelerate a compressible fluid to supersonic speeds in the axial (thrust) direction, by converting the thermal energy of the flow into kinetic energy .
In actual turbine, nozzle governing is applied only to the first stage whereas the subsequent stages remain unaffected. [1] Since no regulation to the pressure is applied, the advantage of this method lies in the exploitation of full boiler pressure and temperature. Figure 2 shows the mechanism of nozzle governing applied to steam turbines. [2]
Steam turbines, dairy machinery, and the de Laval nozzle for rocket engines Signature Karl Gustaf Patrik de Laval ( Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɡɵ̂sːtav dɛ laˈvalː] ⓘ ; 9 May 1845 – 2 February 1913) was a Swedish engineer and inventor who made important contributions to the design of steam turbines and centrifugal separation machinery ...
Steam leaves the boiler and reaches the condenser after passing through the main valve, regulating valves, nozzles, clearance spaces between nozzles and moving blades, diaphragm and rotating shaft, and other passages. Further, there is a large pressure difference between the inside of a steam turbine and the ambient atmosphere and also from one ...
Compounding of steam turbines is a method of extracting steam energy in multiple stages rather than in a single stage in a steam turbine. A compounded steam turbine has multiple stages with more than one set of nozzles and rotors. These are arranged in series, either keyed to the common shaft or fixed to the casing.
The exit steam from one turbine is made to enter the nozzle of the succeeding turbine. Each of the simple impulse turbines would then be termed a "stage" of the turbine. Each stage comprises its ring of nozzle and blades. The steam from the boiler passes through the first nozzle ring, where its pressure drops and velocity increases. [2]
An illustration of Hero's aeolipile. An aeolipile, aeolipyle, or eolipile, from the Greek "Αἰόλου πύλη," lit. ' Aeolus gate ', also known as a Hero's (or Heron's) engine, is a simple, bladeless radial steam turbine which spins when the central water container is heated.