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Zone melting (or zone refining, or floating-zone method, or floating-zone technique) is a group of similar methods of purifying crystals, in which a narrow region of a crystal is melted, and this molten zone is moved along the crystal. The molten region melts impure solid at its forward edge and leaves a wake of purer material solidified behind ...
William Gardner Pfann (October 27, 1917 – October 22, 1982) was an inventor and materials scientist with Bell Labs.Pfann is known for his development of zone melting which is essential to the semiconductor industry.
Zinc refining is the process of purifying zinc to special high grade (SHG) zinc, which is at least 99.995% pure. [1] This process is not usually required when smelting of zinc is done through electrolysis processes, but is needed when zinc is produced by pyrometallurgical processes, because it is only 98.5% pure.
The methods involve heating polycrystalline material above its melting point and slowly cooling it from one end of its container, where a seed crystal is located. A single crystal of the same crystallographic orientation as the seed material is grown on the seed and is progressively formed along the length of the container.
Refining is the removal of impurities from materials by a thermal process. This covers a wide range of processes, involving different kinds of furnace or other plant. The term "refining" can also refer to certain electrolytic processes. Accordingly, some kinds of pyrometallurgical refining are referred to as "fire refining".
One of the biggest decisions anyone has to make for retirement is where to invest money. If you ask 10 different financial advisors, there is a 100% chance you’ll get 10 different answers. This ...
The mysterious strawberry squid lives deep in the twilight zone of the ocean, migrating to more shallow waters every night to hunt for food. ©NOAA / Public Domain / Wikipedia – Original / License
The Czochralski method, also Czochralski technique or Czochralski process, is a method of crystal growth used to obtain single crystals of semiconductors (e.g. silicon, germanium and gallium arsenide), metals (e.g. palladium, platinum, silver, gold), salts and synthetic gemstones.