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2. Grand Duchy of Hesse - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Hesse

   The Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine (German: Großherzogtum Hessen und bei Rhein) was a grand duchy in western Germany that existed from 1806 to 1918. The grand duchy originally formed from the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806 as the Grand Duchy of Hesse (German: Großherzogtum Hessen).

3. Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/.../Landgraviate_of_Hesse-Darmstadt

   The Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Darmstadt) was a State of the Holy Roman Empire, ruled by a younger branch of the House of Hesse. It was formed in 1567 following the division of the Landgraviate of Hesse among the four sons of Landgrave Philip I. The residence of the landgraves was in Darmstadt, hence the name.

4. History of Hesse - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Hesse

   The Grand Duchy changed its name to the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine in 1816. In 1867, the northern half of the Grand Duchy (Upper Hesse) became a part of the North German Confederation, while the half of the Grand Duchy south of the Main (Starkenburg and Rhenish Hesse) remained outside. In 1871, it became a constituent state of the German ...

5. House of Hesse - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Hesse

   The Electorate of Hesse (Hesse-Kassel) was annexed by Prussia in 1866, while the Grand Duchy of Hesse (Hesse-Darmstadt) remained a sovereign realm until the end of the German monarchies in 1918. Since 23 May 2013, the head of the house has been Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse. He descends from the Hesse-Kassel branch of the family, which has been ...

6. List of Hessian monarchs - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Hessian_monarchs

   Retained his brother's land. Hesse-Homburg became under mortgage to two merchants (1671–1673) and to the Landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt (1673–1679). Hesse-Homburg returned then to George Christian's brother, Frederick. Louis VII: 22 June 1658: 1678: 31 August 1678: Hesse-Darmstadt: Unmarried: Regency of Elisabeth Dorothea of Saxe-Gotha ...

7. List of Hessian royal consorts - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Hessian_royal_consorts

   Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt: Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt : 2 March 1746 27 September 1768 20 January 1820 husband's death: 18 September 1821 Frederick V: Elizabeth of the United Kingdom: George III of the United Kingdom : 22 May 1770 7 April 1818 20 January 1820 husband's accession: 2 April 1829 husband's death: 10 January 1840 ...