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The common hill myna (Gracula religiosa), sometimes spelled "mynah" and formerly simply known as the hill myna or myna bird, is the myna most commonly sighted in aviculture, where it is often simply referred to by the latter two names.
The common myna or Indian myna (Acridotheres tristis), sometimes spelled mynah, [2] is a bird in the family Sturnidae, native to Asia.An omnivorous open woodland bird with a strong territorial instinct, the common myna has adapted extremely well to urban environments.
This is a group of passerine birds which are native to Iran and Southern Asia, especially Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka. Several species have been introduced to areas like North America , Australia , South Africa , Fiji and New Zealand , especially the common myna , which is often regarded as an invasive species .
The Sri Lanka hill myna, Ceylon myna or (Gracula ptilogenys) is a myna, a member of the starling family. This bird is endemic to Sri Lanka. This passerine is typically found in forest and cultivation. The Sri Lanka myna builds a nest in a hole. The normal clutch is two eggs.
The long-tailed myna nests in tree holes, often in palms. The eggs are pale blue with delicate reddish or grey markings. This myna is arboreal, and is found alone or in pairs in open lowland forests and plantations. It feeds mainly on fruits and berries. It is a conspicuous and vocal species with a wide range of whistles and squawks.
This genus has representatives in tropical southern Asia from Iran east to southern China and Indonesia.Two species have been introduced widely elsewhere. The common myna has been introduced to South Africa, Israel, Hawaii, North America, Australia and New Zealand, and the crested myna to the Vancouver region of British Columbia.
The crested myna is an omnivorous bird. [3] Although it eats mainly insects, [2] this bird can eat a wide variety of items including fruit, grains, meat, manure and garbage. [2] [3] Its diet varies seasonally. [3] On average, 40% of the adult bird's diet is meat and 60% is vegetation. [3]
The jungle myna is part of the Acridotheres clade which is thought to have speciated in the late Pliocene and Pleistocene Periods. Unlike the starlings in the genus Sturnus , they do not have well-developed adaptations including the musculature required for prying or open bill probing (which need muscles to open the beak apart forcefully). [ 5 ]
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