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While there are a number of similarities, diphthongs are not the same phonologically as a combination of a vowel and an approximant or glide. Most importantly, diphthongs are fully contained in the syllable nucleus [ 16 ] [ 17 ] while a semivowel or glide is restricted to the syllable boundaries (either the onset or the coda).
The stressed diphthong /aw/ au becomes the unstressed diphthong [ɔw] au . For instance (stress underlined): s au ta /ˈsawtɔ/ → saut a r /sɔwˈta/ . The stressed diphthong /aj/ ai becomes the unstressed diphthong [ej] ai .
Another possible transcription is oʷ or ɤʷ (a close-mid back vowel modified by endolabialization), but this could be misread as a diphthong. For the close-mid near-back protruded vowel that is usually transcribed with the symbol ʊ , see near-close back protruded vowel. If the usual symbol is o , the vowel is listed here.
All diphthongs in Judeo-Esfahani are a product of lenition. A few specific rules also apply. The [ou] diphthong decomposes postvocalically, seen in ov-e lop [o.ve.lop] ‘saliva.’ Additionally, the [eu] diphthong breaks if followed by a vowel, as in šav-e dišabbât, ‘Sunday night.’ [4]
In fast speech, /ai/ tends to [ei] and /au/ tends to [ou], conflating these diphthongs with /ei/ and /ou/. There are only a limited number of vowels which may follow long vowels, and some authors treat these sequences as diphthongs as well: /oːu, eːi, aːu, aːi, aːo, aːe/.
The northern dialects are characterized by preserving the pronunciation of ei and ou as diphthongs [ei̯], [ou̯], and by somewhat having sometimes merged /v/ with /b/ (like in Spanish). They include the dialect of Porto, Portugal's second largest city. Within each of these regions, however, is further variation, especially in pronunciation.
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Digraphs au, ou: Diphthongs /au/, /ou/ are transmitted mainly through ... However, in a number of words au is transmitted through ...