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  2. Electro-optic modulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electro-optic_modulator

    An electro-optic modulator (EOM) is an optical device in which a signal-controlled element exhibiting an electro-optic effect is used to modulate a beam of light. The modulation may be imposed on the phase , frequency , amplitude , or polarization of the beam.

  3. Opto-electronic oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opto-electronic_oscillator

    The output of the photodetector is amplified and filtered and fed back to the electric port of the modulator. This configuration supports self-sustained oscillations, at a frequency determined by the fiber delay length, the bias setting of the modulator, and the band pass characteristics of the filter. It also provides for both electric and ...

  4. Optical modulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_modulator

    An optical modulator is a device which is used to modulate a beam of light. The beam may be carried over free space, or propagated through an optical waveguide ( optical fibre ). Depending on the parameter of a light beam which is manipulated, modulators may be categorized into amplitude modulators, phase modulators, polarization modulators, etc.

  5. Electro-absorption modulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electro-absorption_modulator

    An electro-absorption modulator (EAM) is a semiconductor device which can be used for modulating the intensity of a laser beam via an electric voltage. Its principle of operation is based on the Franz–Keldysh effect, i.e., a change in the absorption spectrum caused by an applied electric field, which changes the bandgap energy (thus the photon energy of an absorption edge) but usually does ...

  6. Amplitude and phase-shift keying - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_and_phase-shift...

    A modified constellation diagram of 16-APSK. Typically 16-APSK will have 15 degree phase offset on the outer ring, which is not depicted here. Symbols can be easily distinguished from each other and, moreover, varying of the space between rings is a way to counteract transmission distortions. [4]

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  8. Load modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_Modulation

    Load Modulation is a method of conveying a signal from one device to another by means of modulating the load that the transmitting device imposes on a radio signal provided by the receiving device. This is used, for example, to allow ISO/IEC 14443 and ISO/IEC 15693 NFC cards to reply to the reading device without the need for the NFC card to ...

  9. Eye pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_pattern

    In telecommunications, an eye pattern, also known as an eye diagram, is an oscilloscope display in which a digital signal from a receiver is repetitively sampled and applied to the vertical input (y-axis), while the data rate is used to trigger the horizontal sweep (x-axis). It is so called because, for several types of coding, the pattern ...