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The current state of prison labor in the United States has distinct roots in the slavery-era economy and society. The first for-profit prison, and prison to use forced, incarcerated labor, was created in New York State, with the construction of the Auburn Prison completed in 1817. [18]
Labour obligations and wage rates vary across different countries. For instance, prison work assignments are prevalent in the United States, with over half of prisoners being assigned a work program. [6] In Japan, labour is required of all prisoners but options concerning the type of work performed are permitted. [7]
The incarceration numbers for the states in the chart below are for sentenced and unsentenced inmates in adult facilities in local jails and state prisons. Numbers for federal prisons are in the Federal line. Asterisk (*) indicates "Incarceration in STATE" or "Crime in STATE" links. Correctional supervision numbers for Dec 31, 2018.
Officials say prison labor programs provide skills, but critics say there’s little evidence of that. Incarcerated laborers are paid minuscule wages. Why are prisons still losing money?
The state of Illinois says that Kenley Hawkins owes the entire $11,000 he managed to save earning $75 per week since 1982. The catch: Hawkins is a prisoner at the Stateville Correctional Center.
California prison officials have proposed doubling wages for incarcerated workers, from a minimum of 8 cents an hour to a minimum of 16 cents an hour.
This is a list of lists of U.S. state prisons (2010) (not including federal prisons or county jails in the United States or prisons in U.S. territories):
Early convict leasing programs, such as that used by the Auburn Prison, did not provide any compensation to prisoners for their labor, and regarded convicts as little more than work machines. From 1817-1844, seventeen states across the United States North, South, and West, as well as Washington, D.C. and parts of Canada adopted this system. [70]