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Hope is an optimistic state of mind that is based on an expectation of positive outcomes with respect to events and circumstances in one's own life, or the world at large. [1] As a verb, Merriam-Webster defines hope as "to expect with confidence" or "to cherish a desire with anticipation". [2] Among its opposites are dejection, hopelessness ...
Joy is the state of being that allows one to experience feelings of intense, long-lasting happiness and contentment of life. It is closely related to, and often evoked by, well-being, success, or good fortune. [1] Happiness, pleasure, and gratitude are closely related to joy but are not identical to it. [2]
Our inner dialogue, whether positive or negative, has a huge effect on our mood. Words have power, and the way you talk to yourself is as important as the company you keep and the food you eat.
Pleasure is experience that feels good, that involves the enjoyment of something. [1] [2] It contrasts with pain or suffering, which are forms of feeling bad. [3]It is closely related to value, desire and action: [4] humans and other conscious animals find pleasure enjoyable, positive or worthy of seeking.
Not all cultures seek to maximize happiness, [151] [nb 1] [nb 2] and some cultures are averse to happiness. [152] [153] It has been found in Western cultures that individual happiness is the most important. Some other cultures have opposite views and tend to be aversive to the idea of individual happiness.
This concept is the opposite of negativity, defeatism and hopelessness. Optimism and hope are vital to the development of PMA. [4] Positive mental attitude (PMA) is the philosophy of finding greater joy in small joys, to live without hesitation or holding back our most cherished, held in high esteem, and highest personal virtues and values.
Well-being is what is ultimately good for a person or in their self-interest. It is a measure of how well a person's life is going for them. [6] In the broadest sense, the term covers the whole spektrum of quality of life as the balance of all positive and negative things in a person's life.
Culture differences have an impact on the interventions of positive psychology. Culture influences how people seek psychological help, their definitions of social structure, and coping strategies. Cross cultural positive psychology is the application of the main themes of positive psychology from cross-cultural or multicultural perspectives. [1]