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Borders of post-World War II Germany (1949). West Germany is shown in blue, East Germany is shown in red, The Saar protectorate under French economic control is shown in green. The Ruhr Area, the industrial engine of West Germany, is shown in brown as it was to some extent under the control of the International Authority for the Ruhr.
The Marshall Plan was only extended to Western Germany after it was realized the suppression of its economy was holding back the recovery of other European countries and was not the main force behind the Wirtschaftswunder. [16] [17] However, it likely greatly contributed to Germany's overall economic recovery. Furthermore, often overlooked is ...
This type of action to help the German economy had been prohibited by the directive. In 1947, the Marshall Plan , initially known as the "European Recovery Program" was initiated. In the years 1947–1952, some $13 billion of economic and technical assistance – equivalent to around $140 billion in 2017 – were allocated to Western Europe.
Germany invested over 2 trillion marks in the rehabilitation of the former East Germany, helping it to transition to a market economy and cleaning up the environmental degradation. By 2011 the results were mixed, with slow economic development in the East, in sharp contrast to the rapid economic growth in both west and southern Germany.
Morgenthau's proposal for the partition of Germany from his 1945 book Germany is Our Problem. The Morgenthau Plan was a proposal to weaken Germany following World War II by eliminating its arms industry and removing or destroying other key industries basic to military strength.
In 1990, West Germany and East Germany signed the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany ('Two Plus Four Agreement') with the former Allied countries of the United States, United Kingdom, France, and the Soviet Union. This treaty was supposed to close all open questions regarding Germany and the aftermath of WWII and paved the ...
Germany did not lack natural resources, including the key raw materials needed for economic and military operations. [1] [2] [3] Before World War I, Germany had annually imported 1.5 billion Reichsmarks of raw materials and other goods from Russia. [3]
The treaty did not include any military provisions, but secret military co-operation was already scheduled between Germany and Russia, which was a violation of the Treaty of Versailles. [ 1 ] A supplementary agreement, signed in Berlin on 5 November, extended the treaty to cover Germany's relations with the other Soviet republics: of Ukraine ...